Title: An Atypical Case of Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome Presenting as Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy

Authors: Dr Uttayan Chakrabarti, Dr Cankatika Choudhury, Dr Vinod Chaitanya, Dr Geetika Khanna

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v9i5.08

Abstract

Sjogren’s Syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disorder affecting exocrine glands. During the course of illness, there is multi system involvement. Neurological manifestations may occur in 8.5-70% of diagnosed cases. It is well established that primary Sjogren’s Syndrome is associated with peripheral neuropathy to the tune of 10-20% although CNS involvement is much less common. These neuropathies are typically sensory or autonomic. The varieties can range from mononeuritis multiplex, distal sensory neuropathy, painful small fibre neuropathy to sensory neuronopathy. Herein, we describe an uncommon case of Sjogren’s syndrome presenting with Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy. The former denied the hallmark sicca symptoms and was discovered on further immunological studies.

Keywords: Autoimmune disorder, Peripheral neuropathy, Sicca symptoms.

References

  1. Both T, Dalm VA, van Hagen PM, van Daele PL. Reviewing primary Sjögren's syndrome: beyond the dryness-from pathophysiology to diagnosis and treatment. International journal of medical sciences. 2017;14(3):191.
  2. Chai J, Logigian EL. Neurological manifestations of primary Sjogren's syndrome. Current opinion in neurology. 2010 Oct 1;23(5):509-13.
  3. Lafitte C. Neurological manifestations in Sjögren syndrome. Archives of neurology. 2000 Mar 1;57(3):411-3.
  4. Delalande S, De Seze J, Fauchais AL, Hachulla E, Stojkovic T, Ferriby D, Dubucquoi S, Pruvo JP, Vermersch P, Hatron Neurologic manifestations in primary Sjögren syndrome: a study of 82 patients. Medicine. 2004 Sep 1;83(5):280-91.
  5. Gøransson LG, Herigstad A, Tjensvoll AB, Harboe E, Mellgren SI, Omdal R. Peripheral neuropathy in primary Sjögren syndrome: a population-based Archives of Neurology. 2006 Nov 1;63(11):1612-5.
  6. Sène D, Jallouli M, Lefaucheur JP, Saadoun D, Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Maisonobe T, Diemert MC, Musset L, Haroche J, Piette JC, Amoura Z. Peripheral neuropathies associated with primary Sjögren syndrome: immunologic profiles of nonataxic sensory neuropathy and sensorimotor neuropathy. Medicine. 2011 Mar 1;90(2):133-8.
  7. Pavlakis PP, Alexopoulos H, Kosmidis ML, Stamboulis E, Routsias JG, Tzartos SJ, Tzioufas AG, Moutsopoulos HM, Dalakas MC. Peripheral neuropathies in Sjögren syndrome: a new reappraisal. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 2011 Jul 1;82(7):798-802.
  8. Awad A, Mathew S, Katirji B. Acute motor axonal neuropathy in association with Sjögren syndrome. Muscle & nerve. 2010 Nov;42(5):828-30.
  9. Sivadasan A, Muthusamy K, Patel B, Benjamin RN, Prabhakar AT, Mathew V, Aaron S, Alexander M. Clinical spectrum, therapeutic outcomes, and prognostic predictors in Sjogren's syndrome-associated neuropathy. Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology. 2017 Jul;20(3): 278.
  10. Rafai MA, Boulaajaj FZ, Moutawakil F, Addali N, El Moutawakkil B, Fadel H, Hakim K, Bourezgui M, Sibai M, El Otmani H, Slassi I. Neurological manifestations revealing primitive Gougerot–Sjogren syndrome: 9 Joint Bone Spine. 2009 Mar 1;76(2):139-45.
  11. Allen JA, Lewis RA. CIDP diagnostic pitfalls and perception of treatment benefit. Neurology. 2015 Aug 11;85(6): 498-504.
  12. Mochizuki H, Kamakura K, Masaki T, Hirata A, Nakamura R, Motoyoshi K. Motor dominant neuropathy in Sjogren's syndrome: report of two cases. Internal medicine. 2002;41(2):142-6.
  13. Gorson KC, Ropper AH. Positive salivary gland biopsy, Sjögren syndrome, and neuropathy: clinical implications. Muscle & nerve. 2003 Nov;28(5):553-60.
  14. Wakasugi D, Kato T, Gono T, Ito E, Nodera H, Kawaguchi Y, Yamanaka H, Hara M. Extreme efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for severe burning pain in a patient with small fiber neuropathy associated with primary Sjögren’s syndrome. Modern rheumatology. 2009 Aug 1;19(4):437-40.
  15. Levy Y, Uziel Y, Zandman G, Rotman P, Amital H, Sherer Y, Langevitz P, Goldman B, Shoenfeld Response of vasculitic peripheral neuropathy to intravenous immunoglobulin. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2005 Jun;1051(1):779-86.
  16. Brito-Zerón P, Ramos-Casals M. Advances in the understanding and treatment of systemic complications in Sjögren syndrome. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2014 Jul 19.PubMed PMID: 25050925.

Corresponding Author

Dr Cankatika Choudhury, MBBS,MD (Medicine)

DM Neurology trainee, Department of Neurology,Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital