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Category: Volume 07 Issue 09 September 2019
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Title: Type 2 diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Metabolic syndrome (MetS): An observational trial to evaluate the prevalence as per IDF criteria in Bihar

Authors: Dr Anand Shankar, Dr Pramod Kumar Agrawal

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i9.58

Abstract

    

Background and Objective: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) which mainly because increasing trends towards obesity, sedentary life style, Hypertension, diabetes mellitusand dyslipidaemia, now rising at very higher rate in India including eastern part of it like Bihar. Early initiation of life style therapies after diagnosis of MetS in day to day medical practice can reduce the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in susceptible population like in diabetes mellitus. The main objective of these study was to evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome amongT2DM patients who reside in Bihar by applying International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria.

Method: This is a hospital based observational cross sectional study done in T2DM patients who had attended the out patients department. After taking the informed consent fasting blood samples of 380T2DM patients (190 males and 190 females) were collected to assed lipid profile and other serological test (if needed) and blood pressure and anthropometric parameters (weight, height and waist measurements) were also measured and recorded. IDF (2006) criteria were used for assessment of metabolic syndrome. Preformed proforma were used for data collection results analysed by SPSS-16 software.

Result: Metabolic syndrome prevalecein T2DM patients as per IDF criteria were 84%.  As compared to 65 males (34.2%) with 83 females (43.7%) having significantly higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome. By using IDF criteria cases with metabolic syndrome were detected were detected in higher number. T2DM subjects specially from Bihar in this study had shown high prevalence of abdominal obesity followed by hypertension. Females in the age group 31-40 years 24 (28.9%) and 41-50 years 24 (28.9%) having more prevalence of metabolic syndrome where as for men it was more in 41-50 years 29 (44.6%) and 51-60 years 29 (44.6%) age groups. In females, the driving forces for metabolic syndrome were central obesity in 155 (81.7%) and hypertension in 123 (64.7%) followed by hypertriglyceridemia in 99 (52.1%) patients whereas for men it was hypertriglyceridemia in 130 (68.4%) and central obesity in 129 (67.9%), followed by hypertension in 113 (59.4%) patients.

Based on BMI, 105males (55.2%) were obese 52 (27.4%) were overweight and 33 (17.3%) had normal BMI, in other hand for female subjects it was 144 (75.8%) were obese, 30 (15.8%) were overweight and 16 (8.4%) had normal BMI.

Conclusion: In Bihar, high prevalence of Mets in T2DM patients were observed in this study by applying IDF criteria. Central obesity for women and Increased serum triglyceride for men were the strongest risk factors. This study has established that metabolic syndrome is a significant health problem for T2DM subjects and that needs to be tackled with proven strategies.

Keyword: Metabolic syndrome, Type 2 Diabetes, dyslipidemia, Hypertension.

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Corresponding Author

Dr Anand Shankar

Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Katihar Medical College, Karim Bagh, Bihar, India