Abstract

Objectives: Salivary glands tumor are morphologically and clinically diverse group of neoplasm which may present with significant diagnostic and management challenges because of their relative frequency, limited amount of pre-treatment information available and wide variety of biological behavior with different pathological lesions. The aim of present study was to know the incidence, spectrum of morphological features of Salivary glands Tumor and their clinical correlation with that of histopathological findings.

Materials and Methods: In the diagnosis of salivary gland lesions, FNAC has gained the popularity as diagnostic tool due to its low cost and safe procedure with minimal risk to the patient. A total of 76 patients suffering from Salivary gland swelling were attending in ENT and Surgery OPD was included in the study. All patients were evaluated by detailed history, clinical examinations, and by routine tests. FNAC will be performed from different sites of salivary glands swelling using 10m1 disposable syringe and 22/23 gauge needle. Aspirated samples were smeared on glass slide and air dried, which are stained with Giemsa stain and wet smear is fixed in 95% ethyl alcohol and are stained with Papanicolaou stain. After surgery 32 salivary tissues were received in for histopathological evaluation. After ensuring adequate tissue fixation, tissue slices were taken and processed. Microsections of 5 microns thickness were taken onto glass slides and stained by standard Hematoxylin and Eosin stains. After mounting and labeling smears were seen under oil immersion microscope.

Results: Out of 76 patients, 44 (57.9%) patients were females and 32 (42.1%) patients were male. Male to female ratio was 0.72:1.Out of 76 cases of salivary gland lesion, Parotid gland 57 ( 75%) was the most common gland involved followed by submandibular gland 16 (21.05%) cases, minor salivary gland in 2 (2.63%) cases and 1 (1.32%) cases was lingual gland. Malignant lesions are more common in 7^th decade followed by 5^th and 4^th decade. In Histocytological evaluation it is observed that inflammatory lesions was found in 48 cases (63.15%) and were the  most common  cytological findings followed by benign lesion in 26 (34.21%) cases and malignant lesions in  2 (2.63%) cases. Among benign tumor pleomorphic adenoma was the most common findings observed, while among malignant tumor 1 case was of Adenoid cystic carcinoma and 1 case was mucoepidermoid carcinoma was found. Total histological and cytological correlation is available in 32 cases. The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy is 90.2%, 97.6%, and 90.2%, respectively.

Conclusion: Salivary glands tumor is common, account approximate 6% of head and neck tumor but exhibit a wide variety of microscopic appearance even within one particular lesion. Accurate diagnosis is essential as salivary gland neoplasm have diverse clinical and prognostic outcome. The idea of lesion cannot be resolved on clinical examination only, so pathological examination is required for distinct conclusion.

Keywords: salivary gland tumor, FNAC, malignant tumors, pleomorphic adenoma.