Abstract

Introduction: One of the commonest presenting symptom in gynecology OPD is abnormal uterine bleeding. It has remained one of the most frequent indication for hysterectomy in developing countries. Endometrial sampling is effectively use as the first diagnostic step in AUB. This study was done to evaluate the histopathology of endometrium for identifying the endometrial causes of AUB. 

Material and Methods: It was a study done at the Obst.& Gynae department of Nalanda Medical College & Patna Medical College Patna, Bihar on about 250 patients who presented with AUB during the period July 2016 to June 2018 out of there 160 cases were studied. There were patients with isolated endometrial lesions diagnosed on histopathology.

Results: The commonest histopathological spectrum was normal menstrual pattern (33.7%) and the commonest pathology irrespective of  age group was disordered proliferative pattern (20%)  other pathologies seen were benign endometrial polyp (11.2%) chronic endometritis (10%), atrophic endometrium (5%), endometrial hyperplasia (4.4%), and endometrial carcinoma (1.8%). Complication of pregnancy (13.8%) was an important pathology, which is often missed due to irregular bleeding pattern. Going by the age, the most common age of presentation was 40-50 years.

Conclusion: Frequency of benign endometrial pathology is quite high in AUB (98%). Age was associated with more progressive lesions found in peri and postmenopausal women, such as endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma.

Keywords: Endometrial pathology, Abnormal uterine bleeding, Endometrial biopsy.