Title: A Study of Severity and Frequency of Anemia in Different Age Group in 6 Months to 5 years Children at a Teaching Hospital in Rural Haryana, India
Authors: Dr Raghvendra Narayan, Dr Shivani Singh
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i9.119
Abstract
Background: Anemia is a global health problem in children specially in under five children causing morbidity and mortality. Our aim of this study was to find the prevalence of anemia in different age group and its pattern of severity in hospitalized under five children.
Methods: This was a prospective study from January2015 to December2015 in which all the children having clinical anemia and hemoglobin level less than 11gm/dl were included in the study. Data were analyzed with regard to, age, sex, dietary habits, socioeconomic status and hemoglobin level with complete blood count and peripheral smear examination.
Results: A total of 109 children were analyzed in which female outnumbered male. Anemia was most prevalent (60.55%) in age group between 6-24 months followed by age group between37-60 months (21.10%). Children having vegetarian dietary habits, belonging to low socioeconomic status, and had not taken first 4-6 months breast feeding had high number of cases of anemia. Regarding pattern of severity of anemia maximum number (47.705%) belonged to moderate type of anemia followed by mild(35.77%0 and severe(16.50%).
Conclusion: In our study most vulnerable age group for anemia in children were 6 months to 24 months specially those belonged to low socio economic group, had vegetarian dietary habits and not taken breast feed in first4-6 months of their life. Maximum number of children had moderate anemia. These vulnerable children should be screened earliest so that short and long term effect of anemia can be prevented.
References
- KS Sahana, Kutty G, Prabhu A, Saldanha P. A study of anemia in hospitalized infants at a Tertiary care hospital .National J of Community Medi 2015;6(2): 155-160
- International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and Macro International. National Family Health Survey (NFHS), 2005 – 2006: India:Volume 1. Mumbai: IIPS.2007.
- Rosemary FS, ElianeCL, Emidio CA, Ilma KGA, Alcides da SD, Jose NF et al. Prevalence of Anemia in under five year old children in a children hospital in Recife,Brazil. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 2011;33(2):100-104.
- Nalli RK, Adyar A, Anita S. Study of etiology and varied clinical features of megaloblastic anemia in adolescents at Niloufer Hospital.2016;15(1):16-20
- Khaled AI Akhali, Mohamed Anwar Hammad Ali, Mohammad Asif Ansari. Evaluation of prevalence and pattern of anemia- A hospital based study in Aseer province, Kingdome Of Saudi Arabia. Journal of Experimental Medical and Surgical Research 2013; 2:32-35
- Firdos Saba ,Siddaraju P, Pishey ARB, Smitha RRV, Krishnamurthy J. Anemia among hospitalized children at a Multispecality Hospital, Bangalore (Karnataka),India. J of Family Medicine and Primary Care 2014;3(1):48-53
- Schellenberg D, Schellenberg J.R.M.A, Mushi A, Savigny D, Mgalula L et al. The silent burden of anaemia in Tanzanian children: a community – based study. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2003;81:581-590.
- Quaderi HR, Hoque MM, Ahmed NU, Begum D and Debnath Prevalence of Anemia in Children Aged Six Months to Thirty Six Months – A Hospital Based Study. Bangladesh J Child Health 2016;40(2):98-102
- Akin F, Solak ES, Kilicaslan C, Boke SB and Arslan S. Iron Deficiency Anemia among Hospitalized Children in Konya, Turkey. Anemia 2013, Article ID 514801:27-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/514801.
- Sinha AK and Majumdar B. Incidence of anemia based on Haemoglobin levels in children 2-12 yeras of aged in Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. Journal of Nobel Medical College 2012;1(2):36-38.
- Muthusamy BG, Venugopal V and Sumithra S. Prevalence of anaemia among the hospitalized children in a rural tertiary care teaching hospital. Int J Contemp Pediatr 2017;4(2):431-437.
- Mghanga FP, Genge CM, Yeyeye L, Twalib Z, Kibopile W, Rutalemba FJ et al. Magnitude, Severity and Morphological Types of Anemia in Hospitalized Children Under the Age of Five in Southern Tanzania. Cureus 2017; 9(7):e1499
- Yip R. Iron nutritional status defined. In Dietary Iron: From Birth to Two Years;Filer I.J. Ed; Raven Press:New York,NY, USA1989:19-36
- Bharti S, Pal M, Chakrabarty S, Bharti P. Socioeconomic determinants of iron deficiency anemia among children aged 6 to 59 months in India. Asia Pac J PublicHealth2015;27(2):1432-43.
- Chandyo RK, Ulak M, Adhikari RK, Sommerfelt H, Strand TA. Prevalence of Iron Deficiency and Anemia among You-ng Children with Acute Diarrhea in Bhak-tapur, Nepal. Healthcare 2015;3:593-606.
- Moraleda C, Aguilar R, Quinto L, Nhampossa T, Renom M, Nhabomba A et al. Anaemia in hospitalized preschool children from a rural area in Mozambique: a casecontrol study in search for aetiological agents. BMC Pediatrics 2017;17:63.