Title: A Case of Recurrent Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumour (Gist): Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Vikrant S N, Mohan Kumar K, Suma S
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i7.78
Abstract
Introduction
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most frequently encountered mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. They can also originate in the mesentery and omentum1. Incidence wise, they are rare and rank a distant third after adenocarcinoma and lymphomas among the histologic types of gastrointestinal tract tumors.
Historically, these lesions were classified as leiomyomas or leiomyosarcomas because they possessed smooth muscle features when examined under light microscopy. GISTs are usually found in adults between ages 40 and 70 and can be cancerous or noncancerous2.
References
1. Kindblom LG, Remotti HE, Aldenborg F, Meis-Kindblom JM. Gastrointestinal pacemaker cell tumor (GIPACT): gastrointestinal stromal tumors show phenotypic characteristics of the interstitial cells of Cajal. Am J Pathol. 1998;152:1259– 1269.
2. Hirota S, Isozaki K, Moriyama Y, et al. Gain-of-function mutations of c-kit in human gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Science. 1998;279:577–580.
3. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor. In: Edge SB, Byrd DR, Compton CC, et al., eds.: AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 7th ed. NewYork, NY: Springer, 2010, pp 175-80.
4. Corless CL, Fletcher JA, Heinrich MC: Biology of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J ClinOncol 22 (18): 3813-25, 2004.
5. Joensuu H: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Ann Oncol 17 (Suppl 10): x280-6, 2006.
6. Miettinen M, Lasota J: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: review on morphology, molecular pathology, prognosis, and differential diagnosis. Arch Pathol Lab Med 130 (10): 1466-78, 2006.
7. DeMatteo RP, Lewis JJ, Leung D, et al.: Two hundred gastrointestinal stromal tumors: recurrence patterns and prognostic factors for survival. Ann Surg 231 (1): 51-8, 2000.
8. Corless CL, McGreevey L, Haley A, Town A, Heinrich MC. KIT mutations are common in incidental gastrointestinal stromal tumors one centimeter or less in size. Am J Pathol. 2002;160:1567–1572.
9. Heinrich MC, Blanke CD, Druker BJ, Corless CL. Inhibition of KIT tyrosine kinase activity: a novel molecular approach to the treatment of KIT-positive malignancies. J ClinOncol. 2002;20:1692–1703.
10. Hirota S, Isozaki K, Moriyama Y, et al.: Gain-of-function mutations of c-kit in human gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Science 279 (5350): 577-80, 1998.
11. Andersson J, Sihto H, Meis-Kindblom JM, et al.: NF1-associated gastrointestinal stromal tumors have unique clinical, phenotypic, and genotypic characteristics. Am J SurgPathol 29 (9): 1170-6, 2005.
12. Agaimy A, Pelz AF, Corless CL, et al.: Epithelioid gastric stromal tumours of the antrum in young females with the Carney triad: a report of three new cases with mutational analysis and comparative genomic hybridization. Oncol Rep 18 (1): 9-15, 2007.
13. Carney JA: Gastric stromal sarcoma, pulmonary chondroma, and extra-adrenal paraganglioma (Carney Triad): natural history, adrenocortical component, and possible familial occurrence. Mayo ClinProc 74 (6): 543-52, 1999
14. Demetri G, Antonia S, Benjamin R, et al. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology, Soft Tissue Sarcoma; 2009.
15. Tuveson DA, Willis NA, Jacks T, et al. STI571 inactivation of the gastrointestinal stromal tumor c-KIT oncoprotein: biological and clinical implications. Oncogene. 2001;20:5054– 5058.
16. de Kogel C, Schellens JHM. Imatinib. Oncologist. 2007;12(12): 1390–1394.
17. Demetri G, von Mehren M, Blanke C, et al. Efficacy and safety of imatinibmesylate in advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors. N EnglJ Med. 2002;347(7):472–480.
18. DeMatteo R, Lewis J, Leung D, Mudan S, Woodruff J, Brennan M. Two hundred gastrointestinal stromal tumors: recurrence patterns and prognostic factors for survival. Ann Surg. 2000;231(1):51–58.