Title: Comparison of Clinical and Etiologic Profile of Neonatal Seizures Over A Decade.- A Hospital Based Prospective Study
Authors: Geetha S, Sanuja Sarasam E, Mary Iype, Sobha Kumar S
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i3.185
Abstract
Seizure is occurrence of signs and symptoms due to excess neuronal activity of brain. It signifies neurologic dysfunction in neonatal period. Hence neonatal seizures are a medical emergency. The most important factor that predicts their outcome is the underlying etiology. Kerala is in forefront of health indicators in children and neonates. Our neonatal unit has provided neonatal care in our state over many decades. The present study was a comparative study to look into the prevalence of neonatal seizures& compare etiology in a decade apart.
Objective: To compare the clinical and etiologic profile of neonatal seizures in neonates over decade.
Design: Prospective hospital based study done in 2004 and 2014. Setting: The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a tertiary care hospital. Participants: In 2004, over 6 months,135 babies were recruited . In 2014,156 neonates were recruited over one year.
Methods: The neonates with seizures in neonatal period were assessed clinically and the etiology is studied. The clinical and etiologic profile were compared.
Result: The proportion of admissions as neonatal seiures in 2014 was 4.77%. Pregnancy induced hypertension was the commonest maternal risk factor (48%) followed by gestational diabetes (40.5%). The common causes for seizures remained same in both period. HIE followed by hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia and intracranial bleed also contributed. Newer investigative modalities like ultrasound scan was done in 59.5% in 2014.In 2004, the study was done for prognostic outcome, hence, EEG was done in 128 cases and CT scan was taken at follow up in 130 cases.
Conclusions: The proportion of neonates admitted with seizures were more in 2004 when compared with 2014.The use of non invasive USS head was more in 2014. The common etiology of neonatal seizures remained same across decade.Most common cause was HIE followed by hypoglycemia.
Keywords: Neonate, Seizures, comparison, clinical, etiology.
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