Title: Role of Computerized Tomography in Craniocerebral Trauma
Authors: Jagdish Prasad, Chaturbhuj Swarnkar, Naima Mannan, G.L.Meena, Deepak Meena, Deepika Meena, Manish Kumar Meena
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i3.45
Abstract
Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an extremely common and potentially devastating problem. CT is the single most informative modality in the evaluation of patients with head injury.
Material and Method: This Prospective Study is carried out in patients attending/referred to Sardar Patel Medical College & Associate Group of Hospitals, Bikaner patients with clinically suspected head injury during the period of March 2016 to Nov 2016. This study was conducted on 100 patients with clinically suspected head injury. They were evaluated with Multi detector Computed Tomography (PHILLIPS BRILLIANS 64 SLICE MDCT SCAN) and findings were correlated with clinical findings wherever applicable.
Results: out of 100 cases 58 cases underwent a conventional skull X-ray prior to CT examination. Skull radiography was found to be slightly better for detecting linear fractures than CT while CT was more specific for depressed fractures. The diagnostic accuracy of CT was 99% in the present study as compared to the accuracy of clinical examination which was 50%. The commonest lesion was contusion (39%) followed by edema (34%) and subdural hematoma (16%). 24% of cases revealed more than one type of lesion (Mixed) while 24% showed some associated soft tissue injury (Mainly hematoma). Mixed lesions were commonest in the adult age group. All the patients in normal category recovered fully. Among the minor, moderate and major categories the recovery was 70.58%, 42.87% and 28.57% respectively. An overall mortality of 19% was noticed. While edema, contusions and hematoma contributed to 31.5% of total mortality as individual lesions, as mixed lesions they accounted for more than 2/3rds (68.5%) of mortality. the gap between injury and CT scan increases the chances of recovery decrease and fatality increases.
Conclusion: Computed Tomography is one of the comprehensive diagnostic modality for accurate localisation of the site of injury in acute craniocerebral trauma. The early and timely diagnosis of the precise lesion by CT not only had substantial impact over instituting appropriate treatment and timely surgical intervention but also helped in predicting the ultimate outcome
Keywords: Computed Tomography, Contusions, Hematoma.
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