Title: Bleeding Per Vaginum in First Trimester of Pregnancy-Role of USG Its Correlation with Clinical Assessment
Authors: Dr Krishna Kumar Borah, Dr Pranoy Phukan, Dr [Mrs] Charusmita Choudhary
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i2.80
Objective: Study was done to know the role of USG in first trimester bleeding per vaginum and to correlates thefindings with clinical assessment. Material of Method: A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted over a period of 1 year between 1st July 2011 to June 2012 in the Department of Radio-diagnosis. Approved was obtained from the Institutional ethics review committees, AMCH. After clinical correlation patients are subjected to ultrasonography abdomen with full bladder for transabdominal examination. In required cases transvaginal examination in empty bladder was performed. Diagnosis was made bytrans abdominal and transvaginal USG by using 3.5 Mhz, and 7.5 Mhz sector transducer respectively. Result: Ultrasound can diagnose viable and nonviable pregnancies accurately four weeks onwards. In our studyintact pregnancy was found in 46%, incomplete abortion 24%, missed abortion in 7%, blighted ovum in 9%, complete abortion 2%, molar pregnancy 3%, ectopic pregnancy in 6% cases. Thus incomplete abortion was the commonest cause of vaginal bleeding among non viable pregnancies. Key word: Vaginal bleeding, first trimester , pregnancy, USG, clinical assessment. 1. 1. Tewari N, shrivastva M et al, J of obste and Gynecol of India 10, 14 (1991). 2. Nyberg DA, Laing FC, Filly RA et al: Ultrasonographic differentiation of GS. Of early intrauterine pregnancy from pseudo gestational sac of ectopic pregnancy, radiology, 1983; 146; 755-759. 3. Neelam Bharadwaj. Sonography evaluation as an aid in the management of bleeding in early pregnancy. Journal of obstetrics and Gynaecology of India. 1988; vol 38: pg 640-642. 4. Sofat Rama: Ultrasound evaluation of bleeding in early pregnancy, The J of Obstet Gynecol of India, 344-347, No.3, 2987. 5. P. Reddirani, V Sunita, Ultrasound Evaluation of cause of vaginal bleeding in first trimester of pregnancy Obstet Gynecol Ind Feb 2000;vol.50, No.1: Pg 54-58. 6. Romero et al: Ultrasound in the first trimester of Pregnancy: Clin Obstet Gynecol 27: 286, 1984. 7. Malhotra J, Saxena K. Malhotra N,7 Ultrasound evaluation of first trimester bleeding per vaginum: J of Obstet Gynecol of India, June 1987. 8. Gorade, T.G. Shrotri AN: the J of Obstet Gynecol of India Vol.41; No.1 feb 1991. 9. Campbell S. Brudzenska, JG Stabile, Ultrasonic assessment of complications during 1st trimester of pregnancy, Lancet 2; 1237, 1987. 10. Ilyas, M., S. Rashid, D. Lobo and A. Ara, 1995. Prevalence of anemia during pregnancy in Radho Jokhio Goth. Pak. J. Health, 32: 1-6. 11. Pushpa o lokade, Vinod D Karanjekar, Prakash L Gattani et al department of community medicine, Amravati India, in Annals of Nigerian medicine, vol 6, issue 1, pg 30-34, years 2012. 12. Farooq Ahmad, Sustainable Development Study Centre, GC University, Lahore, Pakistan 5451SSN 1680-5195© Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2012, Effect of Socio-Demographic and Gestational Status on the Development of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnant Women Lahore, Pakistan Institute of Public Health, Lahore, Pakistan Sustainable Development Study Centre, GC University, Lahore, Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 11 (7): 545-549, 2012. 13. Thangaleela, T. and Vijayalakshmi, 1994. Prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy. The In. J. Nutr. Diet., 31:26. 14. Anuradha Khanna, Chandra Prakash, Arun Agarwal, Ajay K Khanna: Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of bleeding per vaginum during pregnancy-Journal of obstetrics and Gynecology vol.42.1992,pg,120-123.Abstract
Conclusion: In our study ultrasound proved to be more accurate than clinical diagnosis with sensitivity and specificity of 100%. Thus USG has opened new dimension in early pregnancy complication so that specific management can be immediately instituted. References