Title: Dermatophilosis, Ectoparasite Infestation and Ring-Worm, Contemporary Cattle Herd’s Ailments in South Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Eugenie Youngo Tchokote, R. A. Ukaha, U. M. Oluchi
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i2.77
Dermatophilosis caused by dermatophilus congolensis, tick and lice and mites infestation, dermatomycosis affected a herd of 120 cattle obtained from different sources. Animals were bovine specie of various breeds including White Fulani, Gudali, Bunaji and their crosses, Male and Female; Aged from 2-10 years and weighing 250-500kg. Ticks were boophilus and amblyomma spp mainly, lice (lignognathus spp), mites (sarcoptes spp). Animals were kept to be slaughtered for food, observed body conditions made them unwholesome for human consumption. The major clinical lesions observed on the severely affected animals were extensive scabs and crust on the head, neck, dorsum, flanks, inguinal region and limbs involving above 20% of the herd; circumscribed thick grey-white crusts raised conspicuously above the skin around a central area of alopecia; general tick and lice infestation. Digestion of scabs with KOH revealed presence of mites which continually damages the skin so encourage proliferation of infectious organism. This case study portrait the general complaints of most cattle owners and traders. Contrary to the opinion of many authors for who tick infestation produce immune suppression of the host rather than mechanical and biological effect, the successful treatment with combination therapy using oxytetracycline long acting 20mg/kg deep IM and ivermectin 0.05mg/kg SC suggest there is a incumbent mechanical factor complicating the condition. Its removal brought about effective and prompt healing. Dermatomycosis (ring worm) was found to be self limiting, lesions progressively disappeared when dermatophilosis and ectoparasitic infestation was cared for. Key Words: Dermatophilosis, ring worm, tick and lice infestation, cattle. 1. Radostits O. M., Gay C. C., Hinchichiff K.W., Constable P. D. (2007). Veterinary Medicine, a Text Book of the Diseases of Cattle, Sheep, Pigs, Goats and Horses. 10thed. Philadelphia: Saunders. Pp. 1048-1050. 2. Andrew AH, Blawey RW, Boyd H, Eddy RG (2003): Bovine Medicine, Disease and Husbandry of Cattle. 2nded. United Kingdom: Black Well Science. Pp. 886-887. 3. Yeruham, I., D. Elad and S. Perl, 2000. Economic aspects of outbreaks of dermatophilosis in firstcalving cows in nine herds of dairy cattle in Israel. Vet Rec., 146(24): 695-8. 4. M. C. Radostis, D.C. Blood, C. C. Gay (1986): A textbook of diseases of cattle sheep Pigs Goats and horses. Eight edition pp: 857-861; 1164-1167. 5. Kahn C.M. Scott Line (2010): The Merck Veterinary Manual, tenth Edition, pp: 782-784 6. Scott D. B. (1994): Mycoses. In Coetzer J A W,Thomson G R, Tustin R.C (eds) Infectious diseases of livestock with special reference to South Africa, Vol 2. Oxford University Press, Cape Town: 1521–1533 7. Oduye, O.O. and D.H. Lloyd, 1971. Incidence of bovine cutaneous streptothricosis in Nigeria. Br Vet. J., 127: 505-510. 8. Sekoni, V.O., 1993. Effects of severe chronic scrotal Dermatophilus congolensis (kirchi) infection on semen characteristics in Zebu/Friesian crossbred bulls and effect of long-acting terramycin chemotherapy. Theriogenology, 40(1): 211-23. 9. Yeruham I, Elad D, Perl S (2003): Dermatophilosis in goats in the Judean foothills. Revue Med. Vet, 12: 785-786. 10. Kahn C.M. (2005): The Merck Veterinary Manual. 9thed. USA: Merck and Co.Inc. Pp. 690-691. 11. Awad W. S., Nadra E, Abdou M.I., El-sayed A. A. (2008): Diagnosis and Treatment of Bovine, Ovine and Equine Dermatophilosis. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 4: 366-367. 12. Awad WS, Nadra E, Abdou MI, El-sayed AA (2008). Diagnosis and Treatment of Bovine, Ovine and Equine Dermatophilosis. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 4: 366-367. 13. Haward J.L. (1996). Current Veterinary Therapy, Food Animal Practice. 2nded. Philadelphia: Black Well Saunders. Pp. 610-611. 14. Quinn PJ, Markey BK (2003): Concise Review of Veterinary Microbiology. 1sted. Britain: Black Well Publishing. Pp.69-70 15. Dalis SJ, Kazzem HM, Makinde AA, Fatihu MY (2010). Bacteria associated with Bovine Dermatophilosis in Zaria, Nigeria. Africa Journal of Microbiology, 4: 1475-1476. 16. Stewart G.H. (1997): Dermatophilosis, a Skin Disease of Animals and Man. The Veterinary Record, 99: 534-536. 17. OIE (2008): Dermatophilosis Terrestrial manual, Pp. 725-727. 18. Harman, M., S. Sekin and S. Akdeniz, (2001).Human dermatophilosis mimicking ringworm. BrJ Dermatol., 145(1): 170-1.32. 19. Wabacha, J.K.; Gitau, G.K.; Bebora, L. C.; Bwanga, C. O.; Wamuri, Z. M.; Mbithi, P. M. F. (1998): Occurrence of dermatomycosis (ringworm) due to Trichophyton verrucosum in dairy calves and its spread to animal attendants. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 69(4):172–173 Abstract
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