Title: Effect of Garlic Extract (Allium sativum) on Lipid Profile of Wister Rats
Authors: Obisike, Uchechukwu Achor*, Elekima, Ibioku; Aleru, Constancy Prisca, Christian, Serekara Gideon, Wokocha, Hannah
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i3.01
Lipid profile in Wister rats was investigated after administration of different concentration of aqueous extract of Allium sativum. The animals were divided into five (5) groups of five rats in each group, and were given different concentrations of the extract for three weeks. Thereafter, plasma lipid profiles were assayed. The result of comparing the mean total cholesterol (T. CHOL), triglyceride (TG), Low density lipoprotein (LDL) and control levels with those of the test groups A, B, C and D showed great decrease except in group D where there was an increase in mean LDL. The decrease in mean T.CHOL in group A and C were significant while decrease in T.CHOL in group B and D were not significant when compared with T.CHOL of Control samples at p< 0.05. The decrease in TG was significant in all test groups when compared with Control TG samples at p< 0.05, while the decrease in LDL in group D was not significant when compared with the LDL control samples at p< 0.05. The mean HDL of the test group showed a great increase when compared with the mean Control and the increase observed was significant when compared with the Control HDL at p< 0.05. The findings reveal that garlic bulb extract causes a significant reduction in some lipid profile parameters (p< 0.05) especially TG and an increase in HDL. These findings therefore suggest that the administration of Allium sativum extract could prevent plasma lipid related disease especially those associated with cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. Key words: Garlic extract, lipid profile, Wister Rat 1. Prior, R.L. and Cao, G. Antioxidant phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables: Diet and health implications. HortScience, 2000, 35:588–592. 2. Khalid, S.A. Hypocholesteremic and Antioxidant Effects of Garlic (Allium satiuum L.)Extract in Rats Fed High Cholesterol Diet. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2009, 8(2), 161-166. 3. Ted, J. M. and Avram, D. Growing Garlic from True Seed. The Heritage Farm Companion, 2012. 4. Hamma, I.L., Ibrahim, U. and Mohammed, A. B. Growth yield and economic performance of garlic (Allium sativum) as influenced by farm yard manure and spacing in Zaria, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 2013, 2(1), 1-5 5. Block, E. Garlic and other Alliums: The lore and the science. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2010. 6. Glen, O.B. Garlic: The Spice Notes of Fragrance first edition, Printed in the United States of America, 2012, Pp 63-65. 7. Saba, F., Mohammad, Z.Q. Sabiha, K. and Rukhshan, K. Effect of feeding garlic (allium sativum) on body weight and serum cholesterol levels in rats. Pakistan Journal of Physiology, 2011, 7(1): 1-2. 8. Lakshmi.T. Anitha, R. Durgha, K. and Manjusha, V. Coping With Hypertension Using Safer Herbal Medicine — A Therapeutic Review International Journal of Drug Development & Research, 2011, 3: 3-4. 9. Ried, K. Frank, O.R. and Stocks, N. P. Aged garlic extract lowers blood pressure in patients with treated but uncontrolled hypertension: a randomized controlled trial”. Maturitas, 2010, 67 (2): 144 - 150. 10. Shuford, J.A., Steckelberge, J.M. and Patel, R. Effect of fresh garlic extract on Candida albicans biofilms. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2010, 49(1): 473-473. 11. Mahmood, Z.A. Ahmed, S.W. and Mahmood, S.B.Z. Hyperlipidemia development and consequences. Journal of Medical Channel, 2009, 15(3): 14-17. 12. Saba, F. Mohammed, Z.Q., Sabiha, K. and Rukhshan, K. Effect of feeding garlic (Allium savitum) on body weight and serum cholesterol levels in Rats, 2011, Pakistan Journal of Physiology 13. Durak, L.M. Kavutcu, B. Aytac, A. Avci, E. Devrim, H. O. and Oxtürk, S.H. Effect of garlic extract consumption on blood lipid and oxidant/antioxidant parameters in humans with high blood cholesterol. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 2004, 15 (6): 373-377.Abstract
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