Title: A Case Control Study: Evaluation of Serum Vitamin D Levels and Vitamin B12 Levels in Vitiligo
Author: Latha Srirama*
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i4.59
Background: Vitiligo is a common, acquired, often heritable, multifactorial, polygenic pigmentary disorder. Low levels of Vitamin D, an essential hormone synthesized in the skin with diverse effects on immune system have been associated with several autoimmune diseases including vitiligo. OBJECTIVES: To study the association of the serum levels of Vitamin B12 and D3 in patients with vitiligo vulgaris in a tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods: This is a case-control study conducted over a period of four months that included 30 clinically diagnosed cases of vitiligo and 30 age and sex matched controls. The serum levels of Vitamin D3 and B12 levels were measured in all subjects by Chemiluminiscient immunoassay. Statistical analysis was conducted by using Student’s t test and Mann Whitney test of the data collected by questionnaire. Results: The mean value of serum Vitamin D3 levels was 22.10, values in males being significantly lower among the cases compared to the controls. Mean value of serum vitamin B12 (348.6) was significantly decreased in vitiligo group as compared to controls. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that there is an association between low serum levels of Vitamin D3 and Vitamin B12 with Vitiligo respectively suggesting the screening of these parameters to be made routine in Vitiligo patients. Keywords: Vitiligo, Vitamin B12, Vitamin D3 1. Dave S, D'Souza M, Thappa DM, Reddy КS, Bobby Z. HIGH FREQUENCY OF THYROID DYSFUNCTION IN INDIAN PATIENTS WITH VITILIGO. Indian J Dermatol 2003;48(2):68-72. 2. Howitz J, Brodthagen H, Schwartz M, Thomsen K. Prevalence of vitiligo: epidemiological survey on the Isle of Bornholm, Denmark. Archives of dermatology 1977;113(1):47-52. 3. Das S, Majumder PP, Chakrabotry R, Majumdar T, Haldar B, Rao D. Studies on vitiligo I. Epidemiological profile in Calcutta, India. Genetic epidemiology 1985;2(1):71-78. 4. Dwivedi M, Laddha NC, Shajil E, Shah BJ, Begum R. The ACE gene I/D polymorphism is not associated with generalized vitiligo susceptibility in Gujarat population. Pigment cell & melanoma research 2008;21(3):407-408. 5. Adorini L, Penna G. Control of autoimmune diseases by the vitamin D endocrine system. Nature clinical practice Rheumatology 2008;4(8):404-412. 6. Overbergh L, Decallonne B, Valckx D, et al. Identification and immune regulation of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D‐1‐α‐hydroxylase in murine macrophages. Clinical & Experimental Immunology 2000;120(1):139-146. 7. Montes LF, Diaz M, Lajous J, Garcia N. Folic acid and vitamin B12 in vitiligo: a nutritional approach. Cutis 92;50(1):39-42. 8. El-Batawi M, El-Tawil N, El-Tawil A. Serum levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid in Egyptian patients with vitiligo. Egypt J Derm Androl 2001;21:77-80. 9. De Haes P, Garmyn M, Degreef H, Vantieghem K, Bouillon R, Segaert S. 1, 25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibits ultraviolet B‐induced apoptosis, Jun kinase activation, and interleukin‐6 production in primary human keratinocytes. Journal of cellular biochemistry 2003;89(4):663-673. 10. Kim SM, Kim YK, Hann SK. Serum levels of folic acid and vitamin B12 in Korean patients with vitiligo. Yonsei medical journal 1999;40(3):195-198. 11. Mosher DB, Parrish JA, Fitzpatrick TB. Monobenzylether of hydroquinone. A ret-rospective study of treatment of 18 vitiligo patients and a review of the literature. Br J Dermatol 1977;97(6):669-79. 12. Silverberg JI, Reja M, Silverberg NB. Regional variation of and association of US birthplace with vitiligo extent. JAMA Dermatol 2014;150(12):1298-305. 13. Xu X, Fu W-W, Wu W-Y. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in Chinese patients with vitiligo: a case-control study. PloS one 2012;7(12):e52778. 14. Nunes J, Martins CS. Myocardial infarction, hypovitaminosis D and vitiligo. Revista portuguesa de cardiologia: orgao oficial da Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia= Portuguese journal of cardiology: an official journal of the Portuguese Society of Cardiology 2010;29(5):839-840. 15. Alghamdi KM, Khurram H, Taieb A. Survey of dermatologists' phototherapy practices for vitiligo. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2012;78(1):74-81. 16. Singh S, Singh U, Pandey SS. Increased level of serum homocysteine in vitiligo. Journal of clinical laboratory analysis 2011;25(2):110-112. 17. Karadag AS, Tutal E, Ertugrul DT, Akin KO, Bilgili SG. Serum holotranscobalamine, vitamin B12, folic acid and homocysteine levels in patients with vitiligo. Clin Exp Dermatol 2012;37(1):62-4. 18. Yasar A, Gunduz K, Onur E, Calkan M. Serum homocysteine, vitamin B12, folic acid levels and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphism in vitiligo. Disease markers 2012;33(2):85-89. 19. Gonul M, Cakmak SK, Soylu S, Kilic A, Gul U. Serum vitamin B12, folate, ferritin and iron levels in Turkish patients with vitiligo. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2010;76(4):448. 20. Singh S, Singh U, Pandey SS. Increased level of serum Homocysteine in vitiligo. J Clin Lab Anal 2011;25(2):110-2.Abstract
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