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Category: Volume 4 Issue 07 July 2016
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Title: Correlating the Severity of Chronic Kidney Disease with Oral Health: A Prospective Observational Study

Authors: Dr Mayilananthi K, Dr Durga Krishnan, Dr Sarah Premraj, Dr Bhaya Mathivanan, Prof. Dr Rajasekaran D

 DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i7.53

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as a progressive and most often, irreversible decline in renal function. Changes in the oral cavity, such as periodontitis, oral candidiasis, xerostomia, halitosis, dental caries and other manifestations, are common in patients with chronic kidney disease. Only a few studies have been done to establish the relationship between different oral manifestations in various stages of CKD. Hence this study was conducted to analyze the presence of oral diseases in adults with CKD and explore the association between the various oral manifestations in different stages of CKD.

Methods: 100 patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in various stages grouped by Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) were screened. 89 patients who met the selection criteria were enrolled in the study. After history and physical examination, detailed oral examination was done along with collection of saliva. The results were correlated with various stages of CKD.

Results: In our study, we have examined 89 patients who are having various stages of chronic kidney disease. On which, decay was present in 34% of patients, xerostomia was present in 19% of patients, periodontitis was present in 99.4% of patients which is highly significant, and oral candidiasis was present in 31% of patients.

Conclusion: There is an increased risk of periodontal disease in patients with CKD. There is an inverse relationship between the periodontal disease and GFR. Oral manifestations such as decay, oral candidiasis, and xerostomia are also noted with increased frequency in Chronic Kidney Disease patients.

Key words: Chronic Kidney Disease, oral manifestations, periodontitis.

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Corresponding Author

Dr Mayilananthi K

Associate Professor

Department of General Medicine