Title: Sero-Prevalence and Coinfection of Hepatitis C Virus and Hepatitis D Virus in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus Infection in A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Dr Vasanthi Rompicherla, Mr Tenzin Dese, Dr A.S.Shameem Banu
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i7.40
Background: Hepatitis virus infection is one of the most prevalent public health problems in developing countries. Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C (HCV) viruses are main causative agents of chronic liver disease. This co-infection has been detected among patients with severe chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and inactive HBV infection. Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection occurs either as a co-infection or super-infection in HBV carriers. Early screening of clinically diagnosed cases of viral hepatitis is essential for establishing diagnosis and treatment to prevent long term sequelae. About 380 million persons worldwide carry HBV and among them 5% have delta hepatitis. In association with HBV, HDV produces significantly more severe illness than HBV alone. Hepatic encephalopathy and fulminant hepatic failure were also common in HBV and HDV infected patients compared to those with HBV alone. Aims and Objectives: To find the rate of prevalence of HCV and HDV co-infections in patients with HBV infection in a tertiary care hospital. To do a comparative study of the rate of prevalence of hepatitis viral co-infections among male and female gender groups and also in patients with chronic and acute liver diseases. Materials and Methods: A total of 500 Venous blood samples were collected basing on the inclusion criteria and serum was separated and preserved at -20°C. The samples were tested for detecting HBV, HCV, and HDV markers by ELISA method, for HDV detection, HBV positive samples alone were considered. A total of 40 (8%) samples were HBsAg positive, followed by HCV 12 (2.4%), co-infection with HBV and HCV is 2 (0.4%) and 1(0.2%) with HCV and HIV co-infection. Conclusion: According to our study even though single infections are common, co-infections are seen more in age group of above 50yrs which may increase the risk of developing a chronic infection. Key words: HBV, HCV, HDV, Co-infection. 1. Washington winn, Stephen Allen, William Janda- Konemans color atlas and textbook of diagnostic microbiology: Lippincot William publications, 2006; 33: 1369-1375. 2. Peter Borriello, Patrick R Murray, Holder Arnold- Topley and Wilsons microbiology and microbial infections bacteriology, ASM press: 2005. 3. Collee JG, fransel AG, Marmion BP, Simmon A- Mackie and Maccartney pratical medical microbiology, Tata McGraw hill publications, 1996; 10; 293-300. 4. Bader Faiyaz, Salahuddin Afsar and Muhammad Saeed ,Triple Hepatitis: Frequency and Treatment Outcome of co/super-Infection of Hepatitis C and D Among Patients of Hepatitis B; the Journal of College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan in July 2008 in its 7th edition. 5. Ganesh Kumar, Sridharan, and Thirunalasundari, Seroprevalence of HCV and its co-infection with HBV and HIV among liver disease patients of South Tamil Nadu ; 2nd edition of World journal of Hepatology in the year 2010. 6. Suresh B Sonth et al. Sero-prevalence of HIV-HBV co-infection. Al Ameen J Med Sci (2012)5(2 ) :183 -186. 7. A.E.O Otedo et al. HBV, HIV co-infection at Kisumu District Hospital, Kenya. East African Medical Journal Vol. 81 No. 12 December 2004.Abstract
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