Diabetic Retinopathy and Major Risk Factors Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Attending Assiut University Hospitals

Title: Diabetic Retinopathy and Major Risk Factors Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Attending Assiut University Hospitals

Authors: Hassan L. Fahmy, Walaa A. Khalifa, Mohamed Sharaf, Asmaa M.A. Soliman, Sabra M. Ahmed, Khaled Abdelazeem

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i8.15

Abstract

Objective: To determine the percentage of diabetic retinopathy and its associated risk factors among type 2 diabetic patients attending diabetes care clinic at Assiut university hospitals.

Method: A cross sectional study was conducted between January to December 2014, including 204 type 2 diabetic patients attending diabetes care clinic at Assiut university hospitals to be screened for diabetic retinopathy and its associated risk factors.

Results: Diabetic retinopathy(DR)was found in 24% of patients(16.7%, mild NPDR ,2.9% moderate NPDR , 3.4% diabetic macular edema and 1% PDR ). Compared to those without retinopathy, longer duration of diabetes (11.3 ± 7.6 versus 5.9 ± 5.9 years; P<0.001), higher systolic blood pressure (121.8 ± 6.3versus 121.2 ± 5.9; P = 0.003), poor glycemic control (Hemoglobin A1C = 10.9 ± 1.7 versus 9.6 ± 1.8; P<0.001)and insulin therapy (P<0.001) were considered as a major risk factors for DR. Other risk factors include lower HDL (41.8 ± 28.3 versus 53.4 ± 36.4; P <0.001), higher level of total cholesterol, serum creatinine. Insulin therapy and high total cholesterol level were the most significant independent risk factors.

Conclusion: Early screening, tight glycemic control, control of hypertension and dyslipidemia play an important role in the prevention of sight-threatening retinopathy. Also insulin treatment should be taken into consideration when managing a case of DR .

Keywords: Diabetic retinopathy, Diabetic macular edema, screening, Risk factors, insulin treatment

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Corresponding Author

Walaa A Khalifa

Assiut University, P.O. Box 71111 Assiut, Egypt

Telephone: +20-1111677728, Fax: +20-2333327

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