Title: Prevalence of Snoring and High Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea among Medical Doctors in Benue State Nigeria
Authors: Mbaave TP, GI Achinge
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i8.84
Background: Snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are both recognized causes of morbidity and mortality. There are some few studies in Nigeria. However the prevalence amongst doctors is not known. Aim: To determine the prevalence of snoring and risks for obstructive sleep apnea among medical practitioners in Benue state.. Study Design: This was a cross- sectional descriptive study carried out during the annual general meeting of the Benue state branch of the Nigeria Medical Association, (the professional association of all medical doctors in Nigeria) from 28-29th July 2016. There were 232 doctors in attendance. Instrument used was the Berlin score questionnaire .Information on demographics, snoring, hypertension and BMI was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 17.0. Results: Out of 140 questionnaires distributed to participants, 73 respondents returned completed copies giving a response rate of 52%.There were 64 males and 8 females (ratio 8:1). The age range was 25-69 years. Most (60.1%) were within the range of 31-50 years. The mean Body Mass Index (BMI) was 28.2 ± 4.5.Snoring was present in 29/73 (39.7%) while 8/73(11%) did not know their status. High risk for OSA was present in 16/73 (21.9%) of respondents. Statistically significant relationship was found between OSA and snoring, age, hypertension and obesity. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of snoring and high risk for obstructive sleep apnea among doctors in Benue state. High risk for OSA is strongly associated with snoring, age, high BMI and hypertension. Keywords: prevalence, snoring, obstructive sleep apnea. 1. Obaseki DO, Erhabor G.E,, Obaseki J.E, Abidoye I, Adebisi A, and Olaiya B, “Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, and Road Traffic Accidents among Interstate Commercial Vehicle Drivers in Nigeria,” Journal of Respiratory Medicine, vol. 2014, Article ID 580264, 7 pages, 2014. doi:10.1155/2014/580264 2. Sogebi O.A, Oyewole S.A, Olusoga-Peters O.O, Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) experiences associated with snoring in adult Nigerians, Afr Health Sci. 2011 Sep; 11(3): 309–314. 3. Mbata GC, Chukwuka JC. Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. Ann Med Health Sci Res 2012;2:74-7. 4. Lee YC, Eun YG, Shin SY, Kim SW, Prevalence of Snoring and High Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Young Male Soldiers in Korea J Korean Med Sci. 2013 Sep; 28(9): 1373–1377. Published online 2013 Aug 28. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2013.28.9.1373 5. Li M. A, Au C.T , So H.K , Lau J, Ng P.C , Wing Y.K, Prevalence and Risk Factors of Habitual Snoring in Primary School Children CHEST 2010; 138(3): 519–527. DOI: 10.1378/chest.09-1926 6. Punjabi N.M, The Epidemiology of Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2008Feb15;5 (2):136–143. doi: 10.1513/pats.200709-155MG 7. Akintunde A.A, Salawu A.A, Opadijo O.G. Assessment of Snoring and obstructive sleep apnoea in a Nigerian university: Association with cardiovascular risk factors. Niger Med J [serial online] 2014 [cited 2016 Aug 5];55: 469-73. Ava. from: http://www.nigeria-medj.com/text.asp?2014/55/6/469/144698 8. Zizi F, Mallick A, Dweck M, Lazzaro D, Jean-Louis G, (2011). Sleep Apnea and Glaucoma – Greater Risk for Blacks? Glaucoma - Basic and Clinical Concepts, Dr Shimon Rumelt (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-307-591-4, InTech, Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/books/glaucoma-basic-and clinical -concepts/ sleep-apnea and-glaucoma-greater-risk-for-blacks. 9. Adewole OO, Hakeem A, Fola A, Anteyi E, Ajuwom Z, Erhabor G Obstructive sleep apnea among adults in Nigeria. J Natl Med Assoc. 2009 Jul; 101(7):720-5. 10. James BO, Inogbo CF, Archibong AO. Risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome among in-patients at a neuropsychiatric hospital in Nigeria: a short report. Afri Health Sci. 2015;15(3):967-71. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v15i3.34 11. Asmaa Jniene, Mustapha el Ftouh, and Mohamed Tawfiq el FassyFihry, Sleep apnea syndrome: experience of the pulmonology department in Ibn Sina Hospital, Rabat, Morocco. Pan Afr Med J. 2012; 13: 28.Pan Afr Med J. 2012; 13: 28. Published online 2012 Oct 10. 12. Hiestand DM, Britz P, Goldman M, Phillips B, Prevalence of symptoms and risk of sleep apnea in the US population: Results from the national sleep foundation sleep in America 2005 poll. Chest.2006; September 130(3):780-8 Zizi F, Jean-Louis G, Fernandez S, von Gizycki H, Lazar JM, Nunes J, et al. Symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea in a Caribbean sample. Sleep Breath. 2008;12 (4):317-22. Abstract
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