Title: Study of CNS Infection As A Cause of New Onset Seizure with Special Reference to Tuberculosis
Authors: Dr Shishir Pandey, Dr Manoj Kumar Kushwah, Dr M.H.Usmani, Dr Rakeshpatel, Dr Manoj Indurkar, Dr Neelesh Srivastava
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i10.07
INTRODUCTION: Seizures are common disorders found all over the world and are encountered frequently during medical practice in variety of settings. Etiological spectrum of acute symptomatic seizures in developing countries is different from developed countries. The major etiological risk factors were central nervous system (CNS) infections (32%), metabolic disorders (32%) and cerebrovascular diseases (21%).1 Presently CNS infections like malaria, meningitis, tuberculosis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and neurocysticercosis account for significant number of cases in developing countries.2 Since these infections vary from region to region; etiology of seizure may also vary from region to region. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE: (1) To study distribution of CNS infection as a cause of new onset seizure. (2)To study types of CNS tuberculosis which cause new onset seizure. MATRIALS AND METHODS: 100 patients admitted with new onset seizures from the hospital attached to S. S. Medical College, REWA and study conducted from july 2014 to October 2015.Seizure history was taken from eyewitness and patient and clinical examination and routine investigation done,with special investigation like CT, MRI, EEG in selected cases.Result was analysed statically and mean and standard deviation was calculated. RESULT: CNS infection constitute major portion of new onset seizure (31%).Out of these Neurocysticer-cosis (32.2%),tuberculosis (25.8%),bacterial meningitis(16.1%), cerebral malaria(16.1%),viral meningitis and encephalitis (9.67%).Tubercular infection constitute tuberculoma (62.5%), tubercular meningitis (25%), and tubercular meningoencephalitis(12.5%) cases. CONCLUSION: CNS infection (31%) were the leading cause of seizure and among these majority of seizures were because of Neurocysticercosis. Also Neurocysticercosis can be easily prevented by maintaining good hygiene, sanitary conditions and avoiding open defecation. KEYWORDS: CNS infection, seizure, tuberculosis. 1. Jaishree T Narayanan, JMK Murthy New-onset acute symptomatic seizure in a neurological intensive care unit Year : 2007 | Vol: 55 | Issue : 2 | Page : 136 2. Murthy JMK, Yangala R. Acute symptomatic seizures — incidence and etiological spectrum: a hospital-based study. Seizure 1999; 8:162-165. 3. Thussu A, Arora A, Prabhakar S, Lal V, Sawhney IM. Acute symptomatic seizures due to single CT lesions: how long to treat with antiepileptic drugs?. Neurol India 2002; 50:141-4. 4. Man mohan mehndiratta et al, Interna-tional Epilepsy Day - A day notified for global public education & awareness. Indian J Med Res 141, Feb 2015, pp 143-144 5. Annegers JF, Hauser WA, Lee JRJ, Rocca W. Incidence of acute symptomatic seizures in Rochester, Minnesota, 1935–1984. Epilepsia 1995; 36:327–333 6. Narayanan JT, Murthy J. New-onset acute symptomatic seizure in a neurological intensive care unit. Neurol India 2007; 55:136-140. 7. Dr. Sudhir Chalasani, Dr. M. Ravi Kumar , Clinical Profile and Etiological Evaluation of New Onset Seizures e-ISSN: 2279-0853, p-ISSN: 2279-0861.Volume 14, Issue 2 Ver. VII (Feb. 2015), PP 97-101 8. S. M. Saifullah Quraishi, P. S. Usha Rani, P. Prasanthi, P. Sudhakar. “Etiological Profile of New Onset Seizures”. Journal of Evidence based Medicine and Healthcare; Vol. 2, Issue 41, Oct 12,2015; Page: 7032-7044, DOI: 10.18410/jebmh/2015/960Abstract
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