Title: The Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Osteopenia in Persons above 50 Years Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India
Authors: Hemalata, Reeba M Mani, Sreekala V K
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i12.27
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of osteoporosis among the elderly Indian population is increasing with the increasing longetivity of age. This can predispose to osteoporotic fractures and is a major cause for morbidity and also mortality. Early detection of Osteoporosis and appropriate timely treatment may reduce the clinical symptoms, thus reducing morbidity and improve the quality of life too. OBJECTIVE: 1. To assess the prevalence of osteoporosis among the patients above the age of 50 years who attended the outpatient department of a tertiary level multispecialty hospital 2. To study the associated demographic factors METHODS: The identified patients were screened using the Bone Mineral Density (BMD) as the standard. This was measured using the Calcaneal Quantitative Ultra Sound (QUS). A structured questionnaire was used to identify the sociodemographic profile of the patients. SAMPLE-SIZE-201 patients of age 50 years and above RESULTS: It was found that osteoporosis and osteopenia were highly prevalent in persons above 50 yrs presenting with various conditions of musculoskeletal pains (osteoporosis 50% and osteopenia 36%). There was 62 % of the patients who belonged to the age group 50-60years. More females were detected with osteoporosis (53%) and osteopenia (33%), while only 34% of the males were detected to have osteoporosis and 52% had osteopenia. It was also noted that substantial propotion of this population group had low exposure to sunlight (65%). Positive association was found between increased age, female gender, menopause, low educational status, hysterectomy ststus and low Bone Mineral Density Score. CONCLUSION: It was found that osteoporosis and osteopenia were highly prevalent in persons above 50 yrs presenting with various conditions of musculoskeletal clinical problems .Low back pain and knee pain were the common musculoskeletal presentations. Thus early detection of osteoporosis and appropriate and timely management may reduce morbidity, improve symptom control and improve quality of life in these patients KEYWORDS: Osteoporosis; Osteopenia; Bone Mineral Density. 1. Delmas PD, Fraser M. Strong bones in later life: Luxury or necessity? Bull World Health Organ 1999;77:416-22. 2. N .Malhotra , A. Mithal ,Osteoporosis in Indians ; Indian J . Med. Res 127 , March 2008, pp263-268 3. Aggarwal N, Raveendran A, Khandelwal N, Sen RK, Thakur J S, Dhaliwal LK, Singla V, Manoharan SR. Prevalence and related risk factors of osteoporosis in peri- and postmenopausal Indian women. J Mid-life Health 2011;2:81-5 4. Inanici-Ersöz F, Gökçe-Kutsal Y, Oncel S, Eryavuz M, Peker O, Ok S. A multicenter case control study of risk factors for low tibial speed of sound among residents of urban areas in Turkey. Rheumatol Int 2002;22:20-6. 5. Joshi VR, Mangat G, Balakrishnan C, Mittal G. Osteoporosis-approach in Indian scenario. J Assoc Physicians India 1998; 46:965-7. 6. Rao H, Rao N, Sharma LR. A clinical study of bone mineral density using heel ultra-densitometer in Southern Maharas-htra. Indian J Orthop 2003;37:9. 7. Pande KC, Veeraji E, Pande SK. Normative reference database for bone mineral density in Indian men and women using digital X-ray radiogrammetry. J Indian Med Assoc 2006;104:288-91 M L Frost, G L Blake, 9. Adami, S., Giannini, S., Giorgino, R. et al., The effect of age, weight, and lifestyle factors on calcaneal quantitative ultrasound: the ESOPO study; Osteoporos Int (2003) 14: 198. doi:10.1007/s00198-002-1352-5 10. Philip Sambrrok, the Record trial group. Oral vitamin D3 and calcium for secondary prevention of low trauma fractures in elderly people (Randomised Evaluation of Calcium or Vitamin D, RECORD) : a randomized placebo – controlled trial. The Lancet , vol 365 , issue 9471, 7-13 May 2005 1621-1628 11. Ethel S Siris et al; Identification and fracture outcomes of undiagnosed low bone mineral density in post menopausal women. Results from the National osteoporosis Risk assessment.; JAMA Dec 12 2001 ; 286(22):2815-2822. Hemalata Assistant Professor, Dept of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Govt. Medical College Kozhikode, Kerala, India 673008 Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Mob; +919447459101Abstract
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