Abstract

Background: SARS–CoV–2 causes Coronavirus 19 (COVID–19). COVID–19 began in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Through contaminated droplets, the disease spread quickly and became a global health concern. The World Health Organization labeled it a pandemic on March 11, 2020.

Materials and Methods: The study is a retrospective comparison because the data will come from COVID–19 patients who were admitted to King Khalid University Hospital from April 2020 to February 2022. Then, the people will be split into two groups: Patients in COVID–19 who had heart failure and patients who didn't have heart failure. Length of hospital stay, risk of ICU admissions, risk of complications, risk of intubation, death rate, and complications of the heart and lungs will all be written down so that they can be compared.

Results: The study compares COVID–19 individuals with and without heart failure for prevalence, characteristics, and outcome. COVID–19 has varied effects on cardiovascular and respiratory patients. In terms of ICU admissions, problems, intubations, and hospital stays, the Pearson correlation is –0.35 and significant at 0.583. Correlations of 0.133, 0.514, and –0.505 with significant values of 0.035, 0.000, and 0.000 are significant. COVID–19 heart failure patients have cardiovascular–related comorbidities. HTN is the most common comorbidity among COVID–19 patients with cardiovascular heart failure (148/59.2%). The DM follows with 110 or 44%. The DLP has 55 or 22% of the data. Rank of comorbidities in COVID–19 patients with heart failure associated to the respiratory system: rank COVID–19 patients with heart failure related to the respiratory system include CKD (11.6%) and Pneumonia (8.4%). ESRD had 19 cases, or 7.6% of the total. In terms of hospital length of stay, danger of ICU admissions, risk of complications, risk of intubation, mortality rate, and other cardiovascular and respiratory issues besides heart failure, the study found no significant difference between COVID–19 patients with and without heart failure.

Conclusion: The effects of COVID–19 on individuals with cardiovascular and pulmonary problems are significantly correlated. The COVID–19 patients with heart failure who have the highest comorbidity connected to the cardiovascular system is HTN, and the COVID–19 patients with heart failure who have the highest comorbidity connected to the respiratory system is CKD. The null hypotheses regarding clinical significances between COVID–19 patients with heart failure and those who do not have heart failure are all accepted.