Title: Evaluation of Microvascular and Macrovascular complications in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Dr Kadubandi Sunil Kumar, Dr Vineetha Kolar Venkataravanappa, Dr Chandana Krishna, Dr Lokesh M R, Dr Sharath Kumar S
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v8i2.96
Abstract
Background: DM comprises a group of common metabolic disorder that shares the phenotype of Hyperglycemia.
Aim: To evaluate the Microvascular and macrovascular complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among patients attending the General Medicine OPD and IPD.
Materials and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study done on patients with age more than 40 years with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus attending OPD and IPD for a period of 12 months. The sample size was 147 and estimated through purposive sampling method. The selected patients underwent detailed clinical and biochemical evaluations.
Results: Maximum patients with diabetes were between 60 - 69 years of age. Of the total number of patients 49% were found to be hypertensive, 39% were found to be obese, 16% of the study population were smokers and 50% were found to have hypercholesterolaemia. The prevalence of retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy were 37%, 24% and 20% respectively. The prevalence of coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease and cerebrovascular disease was found to be 29%, 5% and 10% respectively.
Conclusion: In this study 64% of patients were males and 36% were females. The mean age of the patients was 57 years. 52% of patients had duration of diabetes < 5 years. Hypertension was found in 49% of patients.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Nephropathy, Neuropathy, Retinopathy.
References
- International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 6th Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation; 2013. http://www.idf.org/ diabetes atlas.
- Raheja BS, Kapur A, Bhoraskar A, et al. Diab Care Asia--India study: diabetes care in India--current status. The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 2001;49:717-22.
- Ahuja MMS. Diabetes mellitus in India in the context of social change. Bombay, India: Health Care Communications 1996.
- Shah SK, Saikia M, Burman NN, et al. High prevalence of type 2 diabetes in urban population in north eastern India. Int J Diabetes Dev Countries 1999;19:144-7.
- Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Satyavani K, et al. Prevalence of vascular complications and their risk factors in type 2 diabetes. The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 1999;47(12): 1152-6.
- National estimates on diabetes - CDC, HIS, US Renal Data System of the NIH: census bureau. 2005.
- Madhu SV, Singh NR. Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factor at presentation with Type 2 DM. JAPI 2002.
- Shafiq J, Ahmed. Profile of dyslipidaemia in type 2 diabetic subject - a hospital based study. JAPI 2001.
- Premalatha G, Rema M. Diabetes and related complications in urban South Indians: type 2 Diabetes -the Indian Scenario 2025? –1st edn. Publ.Dr M. Jayaram 2002:185-9.
- Ranka M, Katyal V. Prevalence of micro and macro vascular complications and their risk factors on DM type 2 - a Study from North India - Int J Diab Dev Countries 2004;24:11-6.