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Category: Volume 07 Issue 04 April 2019
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Title: A Comparative Evaluation of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine and Intranasal Midazolam for Premedication in Children

Authors: Anita Pareek, Vandana Gupta, Kiwi Mantan, Aditya Sharma

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i4.157

Abstract

Introduction: Children undergoing surgical procedures can experience significant anxiety and distress during perioperative period. Sedation in preoperative room remains one of the widely used methods. Intranasal route is preferred, as it is noninvasive and more convenient.

Aim: To compare the efficacy of intranasal dexmedetomidine and Intranasal midazolam for paediatric premedication.

Method: In this prospective, randomised controlled trial 100 patients of 2 to 9 years of age of either sex belonging to ASA class 1 and 2 Undergoing various elective surgery were divided into two groups. Group-1 received 0.2 mg / kg intranasal midazolam, group-2 received 1mcg/kg Intranasal dexmedetomidine 45-60 minutes prior to induction.Onset ofsedation, degree of sedation, parent separation anxiety scale, acceptance of mask, venipuncture score were assessed.

Results: The mean onset of sedation were higher in Group 2(19.34±4.16 Vs 15.46±5.09) which was statistically significant (P=.001). Mean sedation score were lower in group 2(2.6±0.61 Vs 2.98±0.59) which was statistically Significant (P=0.003). The Mean acceptance of mask score were lower In group 2(1.2±0.49 Vs1.54±0.73) which was statistically significant (P =0.008).The mean venipuncture score were lower in group 2(2.06±0.31 Vs 2.18±0.39) which was Statistically Insignificant (P=0.09).The mean parental separation anxiety scale were lower in group 2 (1.38±0.57 Vs 1.66±0.74) which was statistically significant (P <0.03).

Conclusion: Intranasal dexmedetomidine results in higher sedation level, better parental separation and better acceptance of mask thanintranasal midazolam but has slower onset of action than midazolam. Both the drugs having similar response to cannulation.

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Corresponding Author

Vandana Gupta

Resident, Department of Anaesthesia, Sardar Patel Medical College & AGH, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India

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