Title: Thyroid dysfunction among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A study from rural hospital
Authors: Jayakumar Papanna, Shruthi Bettegowda
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i4.74
Abstract
Background: Insulin and thyroid hormones acts as antagonists in cellular metabolism and change in level of any one can result in functional derangement of the other. The objective was to find the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Method: 100 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were included in this study. Study protocol included detailed clinical history, examination and investigations. Fasting plasma glucose, post prandial plasma glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile, and thyroid profile of these subjects were determined.
Result: In this study thyroid dysfunction was present in 32% of the study population. Subclinical hypothyroidism was present in 18% and overt hypothyroidism in 8% of the 100 subjects with type 2 diabetes. Subclinical hyperthyroidism was detected in 1% and overt hyperthyroidism in 5% of the patients.
Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction is more common in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
More case control studies with a larger population are needed to confirm this association.
Keywords: Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Thyroid dysfunction, Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
References
- Rajadhyaksha V. Managing diabetes patients in India: Is the future more bitter or less sweet?. Perspect Clin Res. 2018;9(1):1-3.
- Gray RS, Irvine WJ, Clarke BF. Screening for thyroid dysfunction in diabetics. Br Med J. 1979; 2 (6202): 1439.
- Celani MF, Bonati ME, Stucci N. Prevalence of abnormal thyrotropin concentrations measured by a sensitive assay in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabete Res. 1994; 27(1):15-25.
- Udoing CEJA, Udoh E, Etukudoh ME. Evaluation of thyroid function in diabetes mellitus in Calabar, Nigeria, Indian J. Clin. Biochem.2007; 22:74-78.
- Vaghasiya K, Patel C, Shahane K, Gamit N, Zala A, Shah A. Estimation of thyroid profile in patients with diabetes mellitus in New Civil Hospital, Surat. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol 2015;4:708-13.
- Telwani AA, Wani ZH, Ashraf Y, Shah AA. Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case control study. Int J Res Med Sci 2017;5:4527-31.
- Navneet Agrawal, Manoj Gulati. Study of prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research 2016;3(8):2212-2214.
- Gierach M, Gierach J, Junik R. Insulin resistance and thyroid disorders. Endokrynol Pol. 2014;65:70-76.
- Yang GR, Yang JK, Zhang L, An YH, Lu JK. Association between subclinical hypothyroidism and proliferative diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients: a case-control study. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2010;222(4):303-10.
- Palma CC, Pavesi M, Nogueira VG, Clemente EL, Vasconcellos MD, Pereira LC Júnior, et al. Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2013;5(1):58.
- den Hollander JG, Wulkan RW, Mantel MJ, Berghout A. Correlation between severity of thyroid dysfunction and renal function. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2005;62(4):423-427.
- Pasupathi P. Screening for thyroid dysfunction in the diabetic/ nondiabetic population. Thyroid Sci. 2008;3(8):CSL-6.
- Vinu V, Pallavi C,Vijay G. Evaluation of thyroid dysfunction among type 2 diabetic patients. IJPBS .2012 Dec; 2 (4):150-155.
- Díez JJ, Sánchez P, Iglesias P. Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2011; 119:201–217.
- Radaideh AR, Nusier MK, Amari FL, Bateiha AE, El- Khateeb MS, Naser AS, et al. Thyroid dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jordan. Saudi Med J. 2004; 25:1046–1050.
- Perros P, McCrimmon RJ, Shaw G, Frier BM. Frequency of thyroid dysfunction in diabetic patients: value of annual screening. Diabet Med. 1995; 12:622–627.