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Category: Volume 07 Issue 02 February 2019
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Title: Morphological Spectrum of Pediatric Central Nervous System Tumors- A seven year study from Central India

Authors: Avinash Gupta, Sukhpreet Kaur, Hanni G Vasudev

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i2.196

Abstract

Introduction: Tumors of the nervous system are important cause of cancer-related deaths in children. There are several reports regarding the epidemiology of CNS tumors in children in the Western literature but too few reports from India.

Material and Methods: A retrospective study was done on all the pediatric CNS tumors (less than 18 years) that were received in Pathology department over duration of seven years at Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Bhopal, India. All the adult CNS cancers were excluded in the study. All the selected cases were analyzed for age, sex, location of tumour and histomorphological findings, special stain and Immunohistochemical markers.

Results: Pediatric CNS tumor constitutes 10.25 %( 48/468) of total CNS tumors. Age range from 3 to 18 years with mean age of 11.2 years, Male: female ratio is 1.1:1. Children (0-14years) accounted for 34 cases with 16 males (47%) and 18 (53%) females. Adolescents (>14-18years) accounted for 14 cases with 9 males (64%) and 5 females (36%). 66.6% tumors are infratentorial or spinal while 33% are supratentorial. Frequency of infratentorial/spinal tumor is high in both children as well as pediatric group. Histopathologically astrocytic tumors were most common (33.6%) and pilocytic astrocytoma (15%) is most frequent astocytic tumor. Embryonal tumours constitute 25.3% cases.

Conclusion: Due to limited resources, in this context, the adequate epidemiologic data is lacking from India. The present study was done to profile the prevalence of pediatric CNS tumors (according to the WHO classification 2016) in a tertiary care setup in Central India having good neurosurgical and neuropathology facilities, and the data was compared with international studies.

Keywords: CNS tumors, Pediatric tumors.

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Corresponding Author

Avinash Gupta

Formerly Senior Resident BMHRC Bhopal, India