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Category: Volume 07 Issue 01 January 2019
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Title: Prognostic Factors and Survival Rate in Oesophageal Carcinoma

Author: Dr Jojo V Joseph

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i1.129

Abstract

 

Background: Despite recent advances in diagnosis and treatment, esophageal cancer still has high mortality. Prognostic factors associated with patient and with disease itself are multiple and poorly explored.

Aim: Assess prognostic variables in esophageal cancer patients.

Methods: Retrospective review of all patients with esophageal cancer in an oncology referral center. They were divided according to histological diagnosis (444 squamous cell carcinoma patients and 105 adenocarcinoma), and their demographic, pathological and clinical characteristics were analyzed and compared to clinical stage and overall survival.

Results: No difference was noted between squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma overall survival curves. Squamous cell carcinoma presented 22.8% survival after five years against 20.2% for adenocarcinoma. When considering only patients treated with curative intent resection, after five years squamous cell carcinoma survival rate was 56.6 and adenocarcinoma, 58%. In patients with squamous cell carcinoma, poor differentiation histology and tumor size were associated with worse oncology stage, but this was not evidenced in adenocarcinoma.

Conclusion: Weight loss (kg), BMI variation (kg/m²) and percentage of weight loss are factors that predict worse stage at diagnosis in the squamous cell carcinoma. In adenocarcinoma, these findings were not statistically significant.

Keywords: Esophageal neoplasm; Adenocarcinoma; Squamous cell carcinoma.

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Corresponding Author

Dr Jojo V Joseph

Consultant Surgical Oncologist, Caritas Cancer Institute, Kottayam, Kerala, India