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Category: Volume 06 Issue 11 November 2018
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Title: Male Breast Carcinoma Case Report and Review of Literature

Authors: Tuhina Mishra, Rajashri Kelkar, Mahendra Navare, Priya Ahire, Milind Ruke, Tanvi Shah, Gajanand Vangal

 DOI:  https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i11.84

Abstract

The present study reports the case of a 62 year old patient who complained of a swelling over left breast one and half months back. An ulcer developed over the swelling measuring 6×6 cm in size and it was insidous and gradually progressive in nature. The ulcer presented with a slough over left breast with irregular margins and nipple areola complex was not seen. There was negative history of trauma, chest pain, breathlessness, nausea, vomiting, hematamesis, weight loss, breast cancer in family. A biopsy of the ulcer crater which was taken revealed invasive ductal carcinoma. Metastatic workup was done which revealed multifocal lungs liver spleen and brain metastasis with TNM stage 4. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy was started and hormonal sensitivity was checked. The patient was found to be responsive to estrogen and progesterone receptor and had negative HER 2.

As with many other rare “orphan” diseases, male breast cancer is understudied. The rarity of the disease precludes prospective randomized clinical trials. In addition, few researchers and minimal funding have focused on breast cancer in men, but further work is clearly needed to better understand this disease. It shares many similarities with breast cancer in women; yet some clear differences have emerged. In this article, the latest information on the epidemiology, biology, and treatment of male breast cancer is reviewed.

Keywords: male breast cancer; epidemiology; review.

References

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  10. Hultborn R, Hanson  C, Köpf I,  Verbiené  I,  Warnhammar  E, Weimarck  Prevalence  of Klinefelter’s syndrome  in male breast cancer  patients.  Anticancer  Res 1997;17:4293-7.
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  26. Joshi MG, Lee  AK, Loda  M, Camus  MG, Pedersen  C, Heatley  GJ,  et    Male breast carcinoma:  An  evaluation  of prognostic  factors  contributing  to  a  poorer  outcome.  Cancer 1996;77:490-8.
  27. Rosen DG, Laucirica  R,  Verstovsek  Fine  needle  aspiration  of male  breast lesions.  ActaCytol 2009;53:369-74.
  28. Lilleng R,  Paksoy  N,  Vural  G,  Langmark  F, Hagmar  Assessment of fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathology for diagnosing male  breast masses.  Acta Cytol 1995;39:877-81.
  29. Westenend Core  needle  biopsy  in  male  breast  lesions.  J  ClinPathol 2003;56:863-5.
  30. Yang WT,  Whitman  GJ,  Yuen  EH,  Tse  GM, Stelling  Sonographic features of primary breast cancer  in men.  AJR  Am J Roentgenol  2001;176:413-6
  31. Rayson D, Erlichman  C, Suman  VJ, Roche  PC,  Wold  LE, Ingle  JN,  et    Molecular  markers in male breast carcinoma. Cancer  1998;83:1947-55.
  32. Hill A, Yagmur Y, Tran KN, Bolton JS, Robson M, Borgen PI. Localised male breast carcinoma and family history. An analysis of 142 patients. Cancer 1999;86:821-5.
  33. Zhou FF, Xia LP, Guo GF, Wang X, Yuan ZY, Zhang B, Wang F. Changes in therapeutic strategies in Chinese male patients with breast cancer: 40 years of experience in a single institute. Breast. 2010;19:450–5.
  34. Darkeh MHSE, Azavedo E. Male breast cancer clinical features, risk factors, and current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Int J Clin Med. 2014;5:1068–86.
  35. Akkamma R, Heejung B, Karen K, Dattatreyudu N. Breast cancer in men: prognostic factors treatment patterns and outcome. Am J Mens Health. 2011;6(1):51–8.
  36. Taber KAJ, Morisy LR, Osbahr AJ, Dickinson BD. Male breast cancer: risk factors, diagnosis, and management (review). Oncol Rep. 2010;24(5):1115–20.
  37. Adamu A, Yahaya U, Adamu A, Iliyasu M. Management and outcomes of male breast cancer in Zaria, Nigeria. Int J Breast Cancer. 2012;1:1–6.
  38. Fentiman IS, Fourquet A, Hortobagyi GN: Male breast cancer. Lancet 2006, 367:595-604.
  39. Gennari R, Curigliano G, Jereczek-Fossa BA, Zurrida S, Renne G, Intra M, Galimberti V, Luini A, Orecchia R, Viale G, Goldhrisch A, Veronesi U: Male breast cancer: a special therapeutic problemInt J Oncol 2004, 24:663-670.
  40. Giordano SH, Cohen DS, Buzdar AU, Perkins G, Hortobagyi GN: Breast carcinoma in men: a population-based study. Cancer 2004, 101:51-57.
  41. Anderson WF, Althuis MD, Brinton LA, Devesa SS: Is male breast cancer similar or different than female breast cancer? Breast Cancer Res Treat 2004, 83:77-86
  42. Sasco AJ, Lowenfels AB, Pasker DE, Jong P. Review article: epidemiology of male breast cancer. Int J Cancer. 1993;53:538–549.]
  43. Amir H, Makwaya CK, Moshiro C, Kwesigabo G. Carcinoma of the male breast. A sexually transmitted disease? East Afr Med J. 1996;73:187–190.
  44. Mitra D, Manna A, Sikdar SK, Sur PK. A clinicopathological study and its prognostic implication in male breast carcinoma. JIMA. 2007;105:681–683.
  45. Sharif MA, Mamoon N, Arif A, Mushtaq S, Khadim MT. Histological and immunohistochemical study of male breast carcinoma in Northern Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc. 2009;59:67–71.
  46. Sasco AJ, Lowenfels  AB, Pasker-de  Jong    Review  article: Epidemiology  of male  breast  cancer.  A  meta-analysis  of published case-control studies and discussion of selected aetiological  factors. Int J Cancer  1993;53:538-49.
  47. Hultborn R, Hanson  C, Köpf I,  Verbiené  I,  Warnhammar  E, Weimarck  Prevalence  of Klinefelter’s syndrome  in male breast cancer  patients.  Anticancer  Res 1997;17:4293-7.
  48. Rosenblatt KA,  Thomas  DB, McTiernan  A,  Austin  MA, Stalsberg  H,  Stemhagen  A,  et    Breast cancer in men:  Aspects of familial  aggregation.  J  Natl Cancer  Inst 1991;83:849-54.
  49. Couch FJ, Farid  LM,  DeShano  ML,  Tavtigian  SV,  Calzone  K, Campeau  L,  et    BRCA2 germline mutations  in  male breast cancer  cases and breast cancer families.  Nat Genet 1996;13:123-5.
  50. Brose MS,  Rebbeck  TR, Calzone  KA,  Stopfer  JE, Nathanson  KL, Weber  Cancer  risk estimates  for BRCA1 mutation  carriers identified in a risk evaluation program .J Natl CancerInst 2002;94:1365-72.
  51. Anelli A,  Anelli  TF,  Youngson  B, Rosen  PP, Borgen  Mutations  of the  p53 gene  in  male  breast  cancer. Cancer 1995; 75:2233-8.
  52. Fackenthal JD, Marsh  DJ, Richardson  AL, Cummings  SA, Eng  C, Robinson  BG,  et    Male breast cancer  in Cowden syndrome patients  with germline  PTEN mutations.  J  Med Genet 2001;38:159-64.
  53. Meijers-Heijboer H, van den Ouweland  A, Klijn  J, Wasielewski  M, de Snoo  A, Oldenburg  R,  et   Low-penetrance susceptibility to breast cancer  due to CHEK2(*) 1100delC in  noncarriers  of  BRCA1 or  BRCA2 mutations.  Nat  Genet 2002;31:55-9.
  54. Breast Cancer Linkage Consortium. Cancer risks in BRCA2 mutation   J  Natl Cancer  Inst 1999;91:1310-6.
  55. Tai YC, Domchek  S, Parmigiani  G, Chen  Breast cancer risk among  male  BRCA1 and  BRCA2 mutation  carriers.  J  Natl Cancer  Inst 2007;99:1811-4.
  56. CHEK Breast Cancer Case-Control Consortium. CHEK2* 1100delC and susceptibility to breast cancer: A collaborative analysis involving 10,860 breast cancer  cases and  9,065  controls  from  10    Am J Hum  Genet 2004;74:1175-82.
  57. Anderson WF,  Althuis  MD,  Brinton  LA, Devesa    Is male breast cancer  similar  or different than female  breast cancer? Breast Cancer  Res  Treat  2004;83:77-86. Roentgenol  1993;160:267-70.
  58. El-Gazayerli MM,  Abdel-Aziz  On bilharziasis  and  male breast  cancer  in Egypt:  A  preliminary  report  and review  of the literature.  Br J Cancer  1963;17:566-71.
  59. Giordano SH,  Buzdar  AU,  Hortobagyi    Breast cancer in men.  Ann Intern Med 2002;137:678-87.
  60. Bloom KJ, Govil  H, Gattuso  P, Reddy  V, Francescatti  Status of HER-2 in male and female  breast carcinoma.  Am J Surg 2001;182:389-92.
  61. Contractor KB, Kaur  K, Rodrigues  GS,  Kulkarni  DM,  Singhal  Male breast cancer:  Is the scenario changing.  World J SurgOncol 2008;6:58.
  62. Shukla NK, Seenu  V,  Goel  AK,  Raina  V,  Rath  GK, Singh  R, et    Male  breast  cancer:  A  retrospective  study from  a  regional cancer  center  in Northern India. J  SurgOncol 1996;61:143-8.
  63. Joshi MG, Lee  AK, Loda  M, Camus  MG, Pedersen  C, Heatley  GJ,  et    Male breast carcinoma:  An  evaluation  of prognostic  factors  contributing  to  a  poorer  outcome.  Cancer 1996;77:490-8.
  64. Rosen DG, Laucirica  R,  Verstovsek  Fine  needle  aspiration  of male  breast lesions.  ActaCytol 2009;53:369-74.
  65. Lilleng R,  Paksoy  N,  Vural  G,  Langmark  F, Hagmar  Assessment of fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathology for diagnosing male  breast masses.  Acta Cytol 1995;39:877-81.
  66. Westenend Core  needle  biopsy  in  male  breast  lesions.  J  ClinPathol 2003;56:863-5.
  67. Yang WT,  Whitman  GJ,  Yuen  EH,  Tse  GM, Stelling  Sonographic features of primary breast cancer  in men.  AJR  Am J Roentgenol  2001;176:413-6
  68. Rayson D, Erlichman  C, Suman  VJ, Roche  PC,  Wold  LE, Ingle  JN,  et    Molecular  markers in male breast carcinoma. Cancer  1998;83:1947-55.
  69. Hill A, Yagmur Y, Tran KN, Bolton JS, Robson M, Borgen PI. Localised male breast carcinoma and family history. An analysis of 142 patients. Cancer 1999;86:821-5.
  70. Zhou FF, Xia LP, Guo GF, Wang X, Yuan ZY, Zhang B, Wang F. Changes in therapeutic strategies in Chinese male patients with breast cancer: 40 years of experience in a single institute. Breast. 2010;19:450–5.
  71. Darkeh MHSE, Azavedo E. Male breast cancer clinical features, risk factors, and current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Int J Clin Med. 2014;5:1068–86.
  72. Akkamma R, Heejung B, Karen K, Dattatreyudu N. Breast cancer in men: prognostic factors treatment patterns and outcome. Am J Mens Health. 2011;6(1):51–8.
  73. Taber KAJ, Morisy LR, Osbahr AJ, Dickinson BD. Male breast cancer: risk factors, diagnosis, and management (review). Oncol Rep. 2010;24(5):1115–20.
  74. Adamu A, Yahaya U, Adamu A, Iliyasu M. Management and outcomes of male breast cancer in Zaria, Nigeria. Int J Breast Cancer. 2012;1:1–6.

Corresponding Author

Dr Mahendra Navare

Grant Government Medical College and Sir J.J. Group of hospitals, Byculla, Mumbai-400008, India

Contact No: 9821159030, Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.