Abstract
Introduction: India is still the capital of RHD though the health related burden of this disease declined Worldwide. Due to high burden Of modern cardiovascular disease and green field of intervention cardiology age old problem of ARF/RHD have been sidelined. India accounted for the highest number of death due to RHD in 2015 with more than 119000 people dying from the ailment.
Materials: Two years prospective follow up study was done with 138 Patients in our hospital. Cases of were recruited as per diagnostic criteria and ancillary investigation reports. Demographic profile of all patients were accounted. Results are analysed at the end of the study regarding morbidity and mortality of the desired treatment. It is an open label study.
Analysis: From this study we analyzed and conclude of the following:-
1) Not only the children, adult population also succeptable to ARF and subsequent RHD.
2) Socioeconomic status and literacy rate are important parameter for disease affection and progression.
3) School health program to detect the disease is a good measure to rescue the population for disease burden.
4) Primary and Tertiary level care should be equally responsible to overcome the disease burden.
Keywords: Acute rheumatic fever, Rheumatic heart disease, Prevalence of rheumatic heart disease, Prevention of rheumatic heart disease.
References
- Shah B, Sharma M, Kumar R, Brahmadathan KN, Abraham VJ, Tandon R. Rheumatic heart disease: Progress and challenges in India. Indian J Pediatr 2013;80(Suppl 1):77–86. [PubMed]
- Misra M, Mittal M, Singh R, Verma A, Rai R, Chandra G, et al. Prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in school-going children of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, Indian. Heart J. 2007;59:42–3. [PubMed]
- Grover A, Dhawan A, Iyengar SD, Anand IS, Wahi PL, Ganguly NK. Epidemiology of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in a rural community in northern India. Bull World Health Organ. 1993; 71:59–66. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
- Patel DC, Patel NI, Patel JD, Patel SD. Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in school children of Anand. J Assoc Physicians India. 1986;34:837–9. [PubMed]
- Avasthi G, Singh D, Singh C, Aggarwal SP, Bidwai PS, Avasthi R. Prevalence survey of rheumatic fever (RF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in urban & rural school children in Ludhiana. Indian Heart J. 1987;39:26–8. [PubMed]
- Lalchandani A, Kumar HR, Alam SM, Dwivedi RN, Krishna G, Srivastava JP, et al. Prevalence of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in rural and urban school children of district Kanpur (UP) Indian Heart J. 2000;52:672.
- Jose VJ, Gomathi M. Declining prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in rural school children in India: 2001-2002. Indian Heart J. 2003;55:158–60. [PubMed]
- Periwal KL, Gupta BK, Panwar RB, Khatri PC, Raja S, Gupta R. Prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in school children in Bikaner: an echocardiographic study. J Assoc Physicians India. 2006;54:279–82.[PubMed]
- Paar JA, Berrios NM, Rose JD, Cáceres M, Peña R, Pérez W, et al. Prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in children and young adults in Nicaragua. Am J Cardiol. 2010;105:1809–14. [PMC free article][PubMed]
- Carapetis JR, Hardy M, Fakakovikaetau T, Taib R, Wilkinson L, Penny DJ, et al. Evaluation of a screening protocol using auscultation and portable echocardiography to detect asymptomatic rheumatic heart disease in Tongan school children. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovascu Med. 2008;5:411–7. [PubMed]
- Marijon E, Ou P, Celermajer DS, Ferreira B, Mocumbi AO, Jani D, et al. Prevalence of rheumatic heart disease detected by echocardiographic screening. N Eng J Med. 2007;357:470–6. [PubMed]
- Saxena A, Ramakrishnan S, Roy A, Sethi S, Krishnan A, Misra P, et al. Prevalence and outcome of subclinical rheumatic heart disease in India. The RHEUMATIC (Rheumatic Heart Echo Utilisation and Monitoring Actuarial Tends in Indian Children) Study. Heart. 2011;97:2018–22. [PubMed]
- Kumar RK, Paul M, Francis FT. RHD in India: are we ready to shift from secondary prophylaxis to vaccinating high-risk children? Curr Sci. 2009;97:397–404.
- Carapetis JR, Steer AC, Mulholland EK, Weber M. The global burden of group A streptococcal disease. Lancet Infect Dis. 2005;5:685–94. [PubMed]
- Carapetis JR. Rheumatic heart disease in Asia. Circulation. 2008;118:2748–53. [PubMed]
- Kumar R, Raizada A, Aggarwal AK, Ganguly NK. A community-based rheumatic fever rheumatic heart disease cohort: twelve-year experience. Indian Heart J. 2002;54:54–8. [PubMed]
- Tibazarwa KB, Volmink JA, Mayosi BM. Incidence of acute rheumatic fever in the world: a systematic review of population-based studies. Heart. 2008;94:1534–40. [PubMed]
- Feinstein AR, Spagnuolo M. Mimetic features of rheumatic-fever recurrences. N Engl J Med. 1960;262:533–40. [PubMed]
- Guidelines for the diagnosis of rheumatic fever. Jone criteria. 1992 update. Special Writing Group of the Committee on Rheumatic fever, Endocarditis and Kawasaki disease of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the young of the American Heart Association. JAMA. 1992;268:2069–73. [No authors listed] [PubMed]
- Padmawati S, Arora R. Profile of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in India. In: Ahuja MMS, editor. Progress in clinical medicine in India. 2nd series. New Delhi: Arnold Heinemann; 1978. p. 219.
Corresponding Author
Lina Mukherjee
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i10.170
