Title: Study on Lipid Profile in Gestational Diabetic Patient and Normal Pregnant Women
Authors: Dr Nasrin Rosy, Dr Mohammad Monirul Islam, Dr Munirunnessa, Khadija Mannan, Dr Shamima Akhter, Dr Shahinur Rahman, Dr Lutfun Naher, Dr KBM Hadiuzzaman
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i9.95
Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Exposure of the fetus to maternal hyperglycemia can cause fetal malformations, as well as affecting fetal growth and glycemic regulation. GDM is also associated with considerable adverse outcomes for the mother and offspring in the short and long term.
Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the changes in plasma lipids during pregnancy complicated by diabetes(Gestational diabetes mellitus) compared with non-diabetic pregnancy.
Methodology: This case control study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and outpatient department of BIRDEM and some selected private clinics from February 2016 to February 2017. A total 212 pregnant women were included in this study. The total number of subjects were divided into two groups. Group I consisted of 102 normal healthy pregnant women and 110 pregnant women who were diagnosed as GDM were listed in Group II. Gestational diabetes mellitus was diagnosed on the basis of a 2 sample OGTT (fasting and 2 hours after 75 g Oral glucose) following the WHO criteria as adapted in BIRDEM. Data were analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) for windows version 20.
Results: Fasting plasma glucose levels and plasma glucose levels 2 hours after 75 gm oral glucose administration were significantly higher in patients with gestational diabetes as compared to controls (5.70±1.5 vs 3.98±0.61 and 8.72±1.31 vs 5.75±0.89). Triglycerides level was increased significantly in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) group than normal healthy pregnant women (210 vs 188.5) respectively (P value 0.01). There was also significant rise of LDL- Cholesterol level in GDM group compared with normal group (124.2 vs 114.0, P=0.042) But HDL-cholesterol was significantly lower in GDM women than normal healthy pregnant women (38.0 vs 41.0 ,P=0.026).
Conclusion: This study showed both triglycerides and LDL level were significantly elevated among women with GDM compared to those without GDM. On the otherhand HDL level decreased significantly in GDM subjects. These changes may have important implications for the development of atherosclerosis and long term cardiovascular health of women with diabetes.
Keywords: Gestational diabetes mellitus, Hyperlipidemia, Hemoglobin A1c.
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