Title: Pattern and Trend of Female Donors in Blood Bank and Outdoor Blood Donation Camps - A 7 year Comparative Study from Blood Bank, Chamba, (H.P)

Authors: Dr Ishan Arora, Dr Shairoly Singh, Dr Shireen Singh

 DOI:  https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i7.148

Abstract

Introduction: Blood Donation is a service to mankind, saving millions of precious lives now and then. Human blood is an indispensable element of the human life as there is no substitute for it. Blood transfusion has an essential role in the patient care in routine and in emergency in any hospital setting.  In developing nations like India, there is a huge inequality between the proportions of male and female donors. Females contribute a very small percentage in blood donation, in comparison to male gender.

Material and Methods: The present study was conducted in Department of Blood Bank, Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru Govt. Medical College, Chamba (H.P), retrospectively from Jan 2011 to Dec 2017.

Results: On the whole, females formed 5 % and males formed 95 % of total blood donors. In outdoor camps, females contributed 18 %, whereas male donors formed 82 % of the total blood donors. In the in-house donations, female gender formed 2 % of the total blood donation, whereas male gender formed 98 % blood donors.

Discussion: We studied the gender distribution of donors in in-house and outdoor blood camps, and found quite a huge disparity in male and female donors.  The total number of female donors was quite low, in comparison to male donors in both blood bank as well as outdoor blood camps. There were only 270 female donors, whereas number of male donors was much higher (5678), in our study, including both in blood bank and outdoor camp donations. Also, the number of female donors in outdoor camps was higher than in house female donors.

Conclusion: Motivation, education and counselling about voluntary blood donation should be actively done for females in mass community. They should be made aware about significance of balanced diet and health measures to be taken to prevent anemia, as majority of females in rural areas have low hemoglobin value, which hinders them for donating blood.

Keywords: blood bank, outdoor camp, blood donation, female donors, male donors.

References

  1. An action plan  for  blood    National AIDS control organization:  Ministry  of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. 2003;7.
  2. Buyx AM. Blood donation, payment, and non-cash incentives: Classical questions drawing renewed interest. Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy. 2009;36(5): 329–339.
  3. Blood Centres in South - East Asia; 2003. Available: http://www.dialog.lk/corporate/media_mediaApril2003_2.html
  4. Available: http://www.searo.who.int/LinkFiles/BCT_BTS-SEAR.pdf [Last accessed on 2013 March 15]
  5. Soma Das, Sandip Das. Blood banks to get quality certificate. New Delhi; 2009. Available: http://www.financialexpress.com/news/7-bloodbanks-to-get-qualitycertificate/417881/ [Last accessed on 2013 March 15]
  6. Available from: http://www.searo.who.int/LinkFiles/BCT_BTS-SEAR.pdf. [Last accessed on 2013 March15].
  7. Erhabor O, Adias TC, Mainasara A (2013) Provision of safe blood transfusion services in a low income setting in West Africa. Case study of Nigeria. In: Berhardt LV (Edr.), Blood Transfusions: Procedures, Risks and Role in Disease Treatment (1st edn), Nova Science Publishers, New York, USA, pp: 1-58.
  8. Volken T, Weidmann C, Bart T, Fischer Y, Klüter H, et al. (2013) Individual Characteristics Associated with Blood Donation: A Cross-National Comparison of the German and Swiss Population between 1994 and 2010. Transfus Med Hemother 40: 133-138.
  9. Kate Madhuri S, Jain Preeti, Patil Chetan K. An Audit of Deferral of Blood Donors at a Tertiary Care Hospital. July-September 2013 RJPBCS Volume 4 Issue 3 Page No. 1562.
  10. Dhar G, Sarkar AP, Sen S, Ghosh S, Mukhopadhyay BB, Ghosh TK. Patterns of infective sero positivity among blood donors in a rural Medical College Regional Blood Transfusion centre: A retrospective study. Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences 2013;2(1):3-8.
  11. Bala Samreen Sira, Handoo Shazia, Jallu Aleena Shafi. Gender Differences in Blood Donation among Donors of Kashmir Valley. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) 1.Volume 14, Issue 2 Ver. I (Feb. 2015), PP 116-119.
  12. Patel Piyush A, Patel Sangeeta P, Shah Jigesh V, Oza Haren V- frequency and distribution of blood groups in blood donors in western ahmedabad – a hospital based study, national journal of medical research, 2012,202-206
  13. Swarajya Kumari Koram , Madhukar Sadula, Vijaya Sreedhar Veldurthy Distribution of ABO and Rh-blood groups in blood donors at teritiary care Centre, International Journal of Research in Health Sciences. Jan–Mar 2014,326-330.
  14. Data reported by WHO Global Database on Blood Safety,2008 ( updated:june 2011).
  15. Newman B: Blood donor suitability and allogeneic whole blood donation. Transfus Med Rev 2001; 15:234–244
  16. Newman BH, Newman DT, Ahmad R, Roth AJ: The effect of whole-blood donor adverse events on blood donor return rates. Transfusion 2006; 46:1374–1379.
  17. Nilsson Sojka B, Sojka P: The blood-donation experience: perceived physical, psychological and social impact of blood donation on the donor. Vox Sang 2003; 84:120–128.
  18. Wiwanitkit V. Knowledge about blood donation among a sample of Thai university students. Vox Sang. 2002 Aug;83(2):97-99 .
  19. Hossain GM, Anisuzzaman M, Begum A. Knowledge and attitude towards voluntary blood donation among Dhaka University students in Bangladesh. East Afr Med J. 1997 Sep;74(9):549-553.
  20. Misje AH, Bosnes V, Heier HE. Gender differences in presentation rates, deferrals and return behaviour among Norwegian blood donors. Vox Sang 2010;98:e241–8.
  21. Royse D, Doochin KE. Multi-gallon blood donors: who are they? Transfusion 2005;35:826–31. 22. Ferdández-Montoya A, López-Berrio A, Luna del Castillo JD. How some attitudes, beliefs and motivations of Spanish blood donors evolve over time. Vox Sang 1998;74:140–7.
  22. James RC, Matthews DE. Analysis of blood donor return behavior using survival regression methods. Transfus Med 1996;6:21–30.
  23. Ringwald J, Lange N, Rabe C, et al. Why do some apheresis donors donate blood just once. Vox Sang 2007;93:354–62.
  24. Mallikarjuna S. Prevalence of ABO and Rhesus blood group among blood donors. Indian Journal of Public Health,Research and Development. 2011.
  25. Giri P A, Yadav S, Parhar G S, Phalke D B. Frequency of ABO and Rhesus Blood Groups: A Study from a Rural Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in India. Int J Biol Med Res. 2011; 2 (4):988–990.

Corresponding Author

Dr Shairoly Singh

Department of Pathology, Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru Govt. Medical College, Chamba (H.P) India

Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.