Title: Clinico- epidemiological profile of vitiligo patients attending outpatient department of JNIMS

Authors: Dr Ranjeeta Sapam, Dr Julie Leishangthem, Sarda Okram

 DOI:  https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i6.177

Abstract

Background: Vitiligo is an acquired depigmenting disorder characterized by amelanotic macules resulting from loss of melanocytes.

Objective: To study the clinico-epidemiological profile of vitiligo patients attending the outpatient department of JNIMS, Imphal, Manipur.

Material and Methods: All new patients with vitiligo who attended the dermatology outpatient department of Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Health Sciences (JNIMS), Imphal, Manipur between 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2017 were enrolled into the study. A proper clinical history with thorough examination and necessary baseline investigations were done.

Results: A total of 91 cases were enrolled into the study accounting for 0.26% of the total dermatology outpatients. Male: female ratios were 1:1.02. Vitiligo vulgaris was seen in nearly half of the patients .The most common site of onset of vitiligo was noted in trunk. Associations with many other systemic diseases like thyroid disorder, atopic dermatitis, alopecia areata, immunobullous disorder and diabetes could be seen. Family history was positive in 5. Leukotrichia was observed in 35. Koebners phenomenon was seen in 20 patients.

Conclusion: In our study, vitiligo vulgaris is the most common type of vitiligo and common site of onset was in the trunk. Vitiligo is also found to be associated with thyroid disorder, atopic dermatitis, alopecia areata, bullous pemphigoid and diabetes.

References

  1. Rebat M, Halder H, Young CM. New and emerging Therapies for Vitiligo. Clin Dermatol 2000; 18: 79-85.
  2. Lerner AB. Vitiligo. J Invest Dermatol 1959; 32: 285-310.
  3. Lerner AB. On the etiology of vitiligo and grey hair. Am J Med 1971; 51: 141-147.
  4. Lerner AB. Progr. Dermatol 1972; 6: 1-9.
  1. Ortonne J. Psoralen therapy in vitiligo. Clin Dermatol 1989; 7: 120-135.
  2. Ezzedine K, Lim HW, Suzuki T, Katayama I, Hamzavi I, Lan CC, et al. Revised classification/nomenclature of vitiligo and related issues: The vitiligo global issues consensus conference. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2012; 25:E1‑13.
  3. Mehta NR, Shaha KC, Theodore C, Vyas V, Patel A. Epidemiological study of vitiligo in Surat area, South Gujarat. Indian J Med Res 1973; 61:145‑54.
  4. Das SK, Mazumdar PP, Chakraborty R, Majumdar TK, Haldar B. Epidemiological profile in Calcutta. India Genet Epid 1985; 2:71‑8.
  5. Agarwal S, Ojha A, Gupta S. Profile of vitiligo in Kumaun region of Uttarakhand, India. Indian J Dermatol 2014; 59:209.
  6. Rajpal S, Atal R, Palaian S, Prabhu S. Clinical profile and management pattern of vitiligo patients in a teaching hospital in Western Nepal. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research 2008; 2: 1065 – 68.
  7. Arycan O, Koç K, Ersoy L. Clinical characteristics in 113 Turkish vitiligo patients. Acta Dermatoven 2008; 17: 129 – 32.
  8. Howits J, Brodthagen H, Schwartz M, Thomsen K. Prevalence of vitiligo: Epidemiological survey the Isle of Bornholm, Denmark. Arch Dermatol. 1977; 113: 47-52.
  9. Majumder PP. Genetics and prevalence of vitiligo vulgaris. In:Hann SK, Nordlund JJ, editors. Vitiligo. Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd.; 2000. p. 18‑20.
  10. Handa S, Kaur I. Vitiligo: Clinical findings in 1436 patients. J Dermatol 1999; 26:653‑7.[ Pubmed:10554431]
  11. Sehgal VN. A clinical evaluation of 202 cases of vitiligo. Cutis; 14:439‑45.
  12. Akay BN, Bozkir M, Anadolu T, Gullu S. Epidemiology of vitiligo, associated autoimmune diseases and audiological abnormalities: Ankara study of 80 patients in Turkey. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2010;24:1144‑50.[Pubmed:18613871]
  13. Karelson M, Kimgo K, Salum T, Kõks S, Silm H. An Adult’s Vitiligo in Estonia: Study of 155 patients. Open Dermatol J 2009; 3:68‑72.
  14. Kovacs OS. Vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998; 38:647‑66.
  15. Hann SK, Chun WH, Park PK. Clinical characteristics of progressive vitiligo. Int J Dermatol 1997; 36:353‑55.
  16. M. Fatani, S. AlSharif, K. Alfif, A. Khan, W. Hussain, A. Banjar. The clinical patterns of vitiligo “hospital-based study” in Makkah region, Saudi Arabia J. Saudi Soc. Dermatol. Dermatol. Surg., 18 (1–2) (2014), pp. 17-21.
  17. Cho S, Kang HC, Hahm J. Characteristics of vitiligo in Korean children. Pediatr Dermatol 2000; 17:189‑93.
  18. Akrem J, Baroudi A, Aichi T, Houch F, Hamdaoui MH. Profile of vitiligo in the south of Tunisia. Int J Dermatol 2008; 47:670‑4.
  19. Zhang XJ, Liu JB, Gui JP, Li M, Xiong QG, Wu HB, et al. Characteristics of genetic epidemiology and genetic models for vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol 2004; 51:383‑90.

Corresponding Author

Dr Julie Leishangthem

J.N.I.M.S. Imphal