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Category: Volume 06 Issue 06 June 2018
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Title: Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia (BPSD) and Its Impact on Caregiver Burden

Authors: Arshad Yahya, Kuljeet Singh Anand, B.K Bajaj, Jyoti Garg

 DOI:  https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i6.94

Abstract

Background: BPSD increases morbidity, worsen quality of life and are a major source of care giver burden. There is paucity of data on the spectrum of BPSD and their impact on caregiver. The present study was planned to estimate the frequency, type and severity of BPSD in patients with dementia and impact of BPSD severity and type on caregiver burden.

Material and Methods: Cross sectional descriptive study among hundred patients with primary dementias and vascular dementia (VaD) excluding all other secondary dementia. NPI-Q was used to rate BPS. Caregiver burden was assessed by both NPI-Q and Novak and Guest Inventory. Statistical analysis was performed by the SPSS program for Windows, version 17.0. Continuous variables were compared using ANOVA and Categorical variables were analysed using the chi square test. Pearson Correlation was also used among various variables.

Result: Alzheimer disease was the most common dementia. Apathy was the commonest BPSD among patients with AD and VaD. Patients with FTD, DLB and PDD had motor disturbance change in appetite, hallucination and aggression.  Most severe BPSD in AD, VaD, FTD, PDD and DLB was apathy, night time behaviour, disinhibition, hallucination and hallucination and irritability respectively. Most troublesome BPSD to care giver were change in night time behaviour and irritability and least was elation or euphoria. Care giver burden was highest in DLB and least in PDD.

Conclusion: Spectrum and severity of Behavioural and psychological symptoms in each type of dementia are different and increases morbidity, worsen quality of life and are a major source of care giver burden. They should be managed accordingly to relive care giver stress.

Keywords: Dementia, BPSD, Alzheimer disease, DLB, FTD, VaD, PDD, Care giver burden, NPI

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Corresponding Author

Dr Arshad Yahya

Yahya Neurology Clinic, Raja Bazar, Patna, Bihar, 800014, India

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