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Category: Volume 06 Issue 04 April 2018
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Title: Prevalence of Anemia in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Tertiary Care Centre

Authors: Laxma Reddy.S, Rajendraprasad.B, Bhaskar.K, Narendra Kumar Narahari, Varaprasad.K, Paramjyothi.G.K

 DOI:  https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i4.123

Abstract

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is defined as a common, preventable and treatable disease. COPD is known to be associated with secondary polycythemia but anemia is also common and less studied in these patients. So we conducted a study to see the prevalence anemia in COPD patients.

Methods: A Cross sectional observational study performed in the Department of  Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Nizam’s Institute Of  Medical Sciences (NIMS), Hyderabad, Telangana. The study group consisted of 120 patients who presented to the outpatient department of NIMS hospital during study period. Hemogram, Renal function test, Liver function test, BMI calculation, Dyspnea scoring according to modified Medical Research Council (mMRC), 6minute walk test were done in confirmed cases of COPD.

Results: Total 120 patients included in the study. Mean age of the study group was 60.13 ± 7.9, with age ranging from 43 - 80 years. Of the total population, anemia was present in 24 (20%) patients and polycythemia was present in 8 (6.67%) patients. Mean haemoglobin values for anemic, Polycythemia and normal patients were 13.48 ± 2.47 gm/dl, 18.13 ± 0.64 gm /dl and 14.16 ± 0.93 gm/dl respectively. In anemic patients, most of them, i.e. 22 (91.67%) had normocytic normochromic (NCNC) anemia and 2 (8.33%) patients had microcytic hypochromic (MCHY) anemia.

Conclusion: Anemia occurs more frequently than polycythemia in patients with COPD. The most common type of anemia associated with COPD is normocytic normochromic anemia. Most of the anemic patients were in GOLD Grade III severity. Anemic COPD patients have a significantly lower BMI, FEV1 % predicted values, dyspnea by mMRC dyspnea scale and exercise capacity by 6MWD, compared to nonanemic COPD patients.

Keywords: Anemia, COPD.

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Corresponding Author

Rajendraprasad.B

Consultant Pulmonologist, Vision Hospital Nizamabad, Telangana 503001, India

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