Details
Category: Volume 06 Issue 04 April 2018
Hits: 1154

Title: Incidence of urinary tract infections among pregnant women and identification of etiological agents with the antibiotic sensitivity patterns

Authors: Smrutirekha Mishra, Dr (Mrs.) Sukantibala Mohapatra, Dr M R Ranjit, Dr G K Panda

 DOI:  https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i4.113

Abstract

Objective: The study was carried out to identify the etiological agents along with the factors responsible for the incidence of urinary tract infections among pregnant women and to determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern.

Materials and Methods: The research analysis was performed for 300 urine samples and was screened for culture followed by identification by conventional methods and then the antibiotic sensitivity tests were done by disc diffusion methods.

Results: It had observed that UTI is the more frequent in women of 26-30 years of age group. The incidence rate of UTIs during pregnancy was high with a rate of 61%.  Females belonging to lower socio-economic status were more susceptible to UTIs. The isolated and identified uropathogens from pregnant women were E coli (74.3%), Klebsiella spp. (12.5), Citrobacter spp. (6.5%), Proteus spp. (5.4%), Staphylococcus spp. (1.09%). The isolated organisms showed sensitivity to nitrofurantoin followed by amikacin.

Conclusion: Urinary tract infections are the most common bacterial infections in pregnant women and one of the contributing factors for complications during pregnancy. So it is important to diagnose UTI properly by routine screening of all pregnant women to avoid the general complications during pregnancy.

Keywords: Urinary tract infections, pregnant women, uropathogens.

References

  1. Epoke CO, Anyanwu GO, Opara AA: The Prevalence of Significant Bacteriuria in Diabetic Patients. Diabetic International 2000; 10:16–17.
  2. Mittal P, Wing DA: Urinary tract infections in pregnancy. Clin Perinatol 2005; 32:749–7641.
  3. Delzell, J.E., and Lefevre, M.L., Urinary tract infection during pregnancy. Am Fam Physician. 2000; 1; 61(3):713-720.
  4. Singh G., Raksha and Urhekar AD. (2013). Urinary tract infections: Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci. 2013; 2(7): 188-19.
  5. Lavanya SV. and Jogalkashmi D. Asymptomatic bacteriuria in antenatal women. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology. 2002; 20, No. 2, Page No. 105 – 106
  6. Cunningham FG, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, Hauth JC, Gilstrap111 LC, Wenstrom KD.. Renal and Urinary Tract Disorders in Williams Obstetrics 2005; (22nd edn). McGRAW-HILL Medical Publishing Division: USA.
  7. Akerele J, Abhulimen P, Okonofua F. Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women in Benin City, Nigeria. J Obstet Gynaecol., 2001; 21(2): 141- 144.
  8. Masinde A, Gumodoka B, Kilonzo A, Mshana SE: Prevalence of urinary tract infection among pregnant women at Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania. Tanzan J Health Res. 2009; 11 (3): 154-9.
  9. Nadia Gul., Samia Ahmad and Talat Y. Mujahid. “Isolation, Identification and Tract infection Patients” Pakistan Journal of Biological Science. 2004; 7 (12): 2051-2054.
  10. Jacociunas LV, Picoli SU. Avaliação de infecção urinária em gestantes no primeiro trimestre de gravidez. Rev Bras Anal Clin. 2007; 39:55-7.
  11. Schieve LA, Handler A, Hershow R, Persky V, Davis F. Urinary tract infection during pregnancy: its association with maternal morbity and perinatal outcome. Am J Public Health.1994; 84:405-10.
  12. Okonko, I. O., Ijandipe, L. A.,Ilusanya, A. O.,Donbraye-Emmanuel, O. B., Ejembi, J., Udeze A. O.,Egun O. C.,Fowotade A.and Nkang A. O. Detection of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) among pregnant women in Oluyoro Catholic Hospital, Ibadan, South-Western Nigeria. Malaysian Journal of Microbiology, 2010;Vol 6(1), pp. 16-24
  13. Cheesbrough, M. Medical laboratories manual for tropical countries. Cambridge University Press. 2002; pp. 479.
  14. Cheesebrough, M. District laboratory practice in tropical countries. Cambridge University Press. 2004; Pp 357.
  15. Buchanan, R. E. and Gribbons, N. E. Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology (8th edition). 1974; Williams & Wilkins Co. Baltimore USA.
  16. Collee JG, Mles RV, Watt B. Tests for identification of bacteria. In: Collee JG, Fraser AG, M armon BP, Simmons A, editors. Mackie and McCartney Practical Medical Microbiology in 14th New York: Churchil Livingstone; 1996; p.131-49.
  1. Haider G, Zehra N, Munir AA, Haider A: Risk factors of urinary tract infection in pregnancy. J Pak Med Assoc. 2010; 60 (3): 213-6.
  1. Poonam U. Sharma and Ulka Bidwai. Isolation and identification of bacteria causing urinary tract infections in pregnant women in vidarbha and their drug susceptibility patterns in them. J.Curr. Microbiol.App.Sci. 2013; 2(4): 97-103
  2. R. Ezeigbo, R. I. A. Nnadozie , N. Asuoha-Chuks , V. U. Ojiako , I. N. Awurum and M. G. Ugochukwu. Incidence of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics at Some Selected Hospitals in Aba, Southeastern Nigeria. Int. J. Curr.Microbiol. App.Sci ,2016; 5(1): 193-199
  3. Manjula N. G., Girish C. Math., Shripad A. Patil, Subhashchandra M. Gaddad, Channappa T. Shivannavar. Incidence of Urinary Tract Infections and Its Aetiological Agents among Pregnant Women in Karnataka Region. Advances in Microbiology, 2013; 3, 473-478.
  1. Akobi OA et al. Incidence of Urinary Tract Infection among Pregnant women attending Antenatal clinic at Federal Medical Centre,Bida,Niger-State, North Central Nigeria. American Journal of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology. 2014; 2(2):34-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12691/ajidm-2-2-2
  1. Agersew A, et al. Bacterial Profile and Drug Susceptibility Pattern of Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnant women at University of Gondar Teaching Hospital, Northwest Ethopia.BMC Research Notes.2012; 5:197:1-7.
  2. Aziz marjan khattak, Habib-ullah khan, Ihsan-ullah mashud Bushra ashiq and Syed humayun shah.  Antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of urine isolates from asympto-matic bacteriuria during pregnancy. 2006; E:/Biomedica Vol.22 Jan. – Jun. /Bio-9

Corresponding Author

Smrutirekha Mishra

PhD Scholar (Microbiology), Utkal University, Vanivihar, Bhubaneswar