Title: Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Adolescent Pregnancy
Authors: Dr J. Bindal, Dr Kavita Gupta
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i3.209
Abstract
Background: Adolescent pregnancy is significant burden as compared to adults because of physical immaturity and overlapping maternal growth, nutritional status, socioeconomic factors. WHO defines teenage pregnancy as any pregnancy from a girl who is 10 to 19 years of age, age being defined as her age at the time of delivery.
Methodology: The prospective study is conducted in KRH, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology over a period of 6 months (January 2017 to June 2017). All pregnant women < 19 yrs coming to labour room were included in study group. History taken and examination done investigation collected.
Results: LSCS contributing to 5.15% for various indication without much difference compared to adult mother. Incidence of anemia in teenage mother is 70.80%, preeclampsia contributing 16.78%, eclampsia in 8.7%, PROM 18.97%, intrauterine infection 7.78% and dystocia 1.9%. Low birth weight was seen in 5.5%, neonatal jaundice in 4.6%, preterm birth in 3.1% and perinatal death was in 1.2%. Main indication contributing to cesarean delivery were seen in cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) which was 74.76% followed by preeclampsia and eclampsia, fetal distress and malpresentation were in 10%, 9.04% and 6.19% respectively.
Conclusion: Teenage pregnancy is likely to aggravate the problem. As teenage pregnancy is associated with increased incidence of preeclampsia, eclampsia, preterm delivery, increased incidence of instrumental deliveries and LSCS due to cephalopelvic disproportion, neonatal complications, increased neonatal morbidity and mortality mainly due to low birth weight was noted in babies delivered to teenage mothers.
References
- Parra-Pingel PE, Quisiguiña-Avellán LA, Hidalgo L, Chedraui P, Pérez-López FR. Pregnancy outcomes in younger and older adolescent mothers with severe preeclampsia. Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics. 2017;8:81-86.
- WHO, United nations population fund: Married adolescents: no place of safety, Geneva: WHO, UNFPA; 2006.
- Adolescent pregnancy- Issue in adolescent health and development; WHO discussion paper on adolescents, WHO; 2004:86.
- Allan Guttmachu institute. Risks and realities of early child bearing. Allan Guttmachu. 2000.
- Government of india, National family health survey 2005-2006:3-24.
- Bakacak M, Avci F, Ercan O, Kostu B, Serin S, Kiran G, Bostanci MS and Bakacak. The effect of maternal hemoglobin concentration on fetal birth weight according to trimester. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2015;28,2106-10.
- Andriyana H, Amelya M, Nababan B, Rusdianto E. Outcome and risk of obstetric complication in teenage pregnancy in tertiary centre hospital in Indonesia. in ASPIRE Conference Proceedings, The 6th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction, KnE Medicine 2016;70-15.
- Rita D, Naik K, Desai RM, Tungal S. Study of feto maternal outcome of teenage pregnancy at tertiary care hospital. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2017;6:2841-5.
- Mohammed RL, Nasir KM. complications of pregnancy and outcome among teenage pregnancy in Al-Najaf City. Interntinal Journal of Science and Reserach Publication 2017;7(6):209-2019.
- Aung SH. A retrospective study of maternal and fetal outcome of adolescent pregnancy in Kawthaung province, Myanmnar. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 2017;16(7):535-540.