Details
Category: Volume 06 Issue 03 March 2018
Hits: 1128

Title: A Study of Distribution and Prevalence of Anaemia in School Going Children of Ghaziabad

Authors: Dr Shikha Gautam, Dr Rinku Garg, Dr Yogesh Tripathi

 DOI:  https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i3.191

Abstract

Nutritional status is dependent on nutrient intake and utilization. Malnutrition is also expressed as various types of deficiency disorders. The present study was a cross-sectional study, conducted in Ghaziabad. Five hundred children of both sexes, in the age group of 3 -15 years were enrolled for the study. Age, height was measured, pallor assessed and BMI was calculated for all children in the study. The data was analysed by SPSS version 17.0 and ANOVA followed by Tukey test. The overall prevalence of anaemia was 22.2 %,  18.61 % boys and 31.43 %  girls were pallor positive. Comparison of pallor positive children in different age groups of boys and girls showed that pallor was more widely present in girls of age group 12 – 15 years compared to boys of same age group. The present study brings out the fact that the problem of anaemia is present more widely in children than the commonly considered group of pregnant women. We suggest that large scale studies should be undertaken to assess the nutritional and anaemic status of our young population. Also, nutritional advice and supplementation needs to be given to improve the health status of children.

Keywords: Malnutrition, Anaemia, Pallor, School children.

References

  1. Annual report 2010-11. Department of health and family welfare, Ministry of health and family welfare, Government of India. Page no. 71(cited 2012 Nov. 12); Available.
  2. UNICEF (2004), State of World’s children, 2004.
  3. World Health Organization, The World Health Report 2002: Reducing Risks Promoting Healthy Life, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2002.
  4. World Health Organization. Global Burden of Disease 2004 update, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland: WHO. 2008.
  5. National Consultation on the Control of Nutritional Anaemia in India. Department of Family Welfare (Maternal Health Division), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Nirman Bhavan, New Delhi.1998.
  6. Seshadari S.A database of iron –deficiency anaemia (IDA) in India: prevalence, causes, consequences and strategies for prevention. Department of Foods and Nutrition. WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition Research. The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India. 1999.
  7. UNICEF//United Nations University/World Health Organization. Iron deficiency anaemia. Assessment, Prevention and Control: A guide for programme managers. Document WHO/NHD/01.3.Geneva: World Health Organisation.2001.
  8. Sheth TN, Choudhry NK, Bowes M, Detsky AS.The relation of conjunctival pallor to the presence of anaemia. J Gen Inter Med 1997;12: 102-106.
  9. WHO, Information series on school health, document 13, Malaria prevention and control: An important responsibility of a health promoting school, 2007.
  10.  Ghai OP, Gupta P, Paul VK. Ghai essential paediatrics, adolescent health and development. Paediatrics 2006; 6:66.
  11. Iron deficiency anaemia: assessment, prevention, and control. A guide for programme managers. Geneva, World Health Organization.2001.
  12.  Kaur S, Deshmukh PR, Garg BS. Epidemiological correlates of nutritional anaemia in adolescent girls of rural Wardha. India J Community Med.2006; 31: 255—258.
  13. Grantham- McGregor S, Ani C.A review of studies on the effect of iron deficiency on cognitive development in children. J Nutr.2001; 131:649S-666S.
  14. Gupta VK, Maria AK, Kumar R, Bahia JS, Arora S, Singh R et al. Prevalence of anaemia in young males and females of rural Punjab. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research 2011; 5(5):10220-6.
  15.  Luxmi AJ, Khurunisa B, Saraswathi G, Jamuna P. Prevalence of anaemia in Indian rural preschool children. The Ind J of Nutr. Dietet 2001; 38:182.
  16. Sethi V, Goindi G, Kapil U. The prevalence of anaemia amongst primary school age children (6-11 years) in national capital territory of Delhi. Indian J Pediatr.2003; 70:5519-20.
  17.  Behera S, Bulliyya G. Magnitude of anaemia and haematological predictors among children under 12 years in Odisha, India. Anaemia 2016; article id 1729147.
  18. Allen L, Casterline – Sabel J. “Prevalence and causes of nutritional anaemias”  in Nutritional Anaemias, U. Ramakrishnan, Ed.,pp7-21,CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla, USA,2001.
  19.  Attri S, Sharma N, Jahagirdar S, Thapa BR, Prasad R. Erythrocyte metabolism and antioxidant status of patients with Wilsons disease and Haemolytic anaemias. Paediatric Research 2006; 59(4):593-97.
  20. Kalantri A, Karambelkar M, Joshi R, Kalantri S, Jajoo U. Accuracy and reliability of pallor for detecting anaemia: a hospital based diagnostic accuracy study. PLoS ONE (1):e8545.doi10.1371/journal.pone.00845.

Corresponding Author

Dr Shikha Gautam

Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., 9810557315