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Category: Volume 06 Issue 03 March 2018
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Title: Role of Immunohistochemistry in Diagnosis and Grading of Brain Tumors

Authors: Bhati Sanju, Mittal Alka, Mehta Jayanti

 DOI:  https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i3.186

Abstract

Introduction: Brain tumors are heterogenous group of neoplasms with annual incidence of 5 to 10 per 100000 population in India. Classification of tumors is an art of pathology to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions on histological ground. But histological diagnosis of brain tumors is not always straight forward due to not only overlap in morphological features among different categories of tumors but also due to divergent differentiation within the same tumor. So, application of immunohistochemical markers has become necessary for an exact diagnosis and subtyping.

Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in Department of Pathology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur (Rajasthan) from June 2016 to June 2017. Based on histopathological examination of Hematoxylin and Eosin stained sections, total of 226 brain tumors were diagnosed. Out of which, immunohistochemical markers were applied on 50 cases for accurate diagnosis and grading.

Results: In the present study, most common histological tumor type was astrocytoma followed by meningioma. Out of 226 cases, 176cases were diagnosed by histopathology alone while 50 cases were sent for IHC. Immunohistochemical staining was done on 42 problematic cases to reach the final diagnosis and on 36 cases for grading.

Conclusion: The present study show that histopathological examination is a vital tool for diagnosis and grading in most of the tumors but IHC play an important role in difficult cases where diagnosis and grading is not possible only on histological basis.

Keywords: Brain tumors, Diagnosis, Grading, Immunohistochemistry.

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Corresponding Author

Mittal Alka

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