Details
Category: Volume 06 Issue 03 March 2018
Hits: 1283

Title: A study on the failure of breast feeding during the first month of life

Authors: Shyamali Datta, Bijan Kumar Datta, Avirupa Kansha Banik, Nilanjan Datta

 DOI:  https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i3.96

Abstract

Background: Breastfeeding provides unsurpassed natural nutrition to the newborn and infant.

Methodology: Out of 100 cases of breast feeding failure, 11 babies were selected, whose mothers had complete failure of breast feeding during the first postnatal growth, who were aged exactly one month (plus or minus one to two days on either side), were full term, of average weight (2.5-3kg at birth) completely healthy on clinical examination with no clinical evidence of infection in any part of the body and their weight gains during the first months were within normal limits (300 to 350 gms). All the babies in the present study were fed with tinned milk.

Results: Failure of establishment of lactation properly from the very beginning was responsible in 17 cases (24%). In 63.4% of the total number of cases in this group, no obvious reason was found other than simple ‘lactational insufficiency’.

Conclusion: Most of the cases of breast feeding failure were found to be due to some cause in the mother i.e. 71% of the total number of cases. In most cases of this group the cause was simply ‘inadeqaute lactation’ 63.38% of the different factors responsible for failure of breast feeding, lack of knowledge among parents about the uniqueness of breast milk for their babies, is important.

Keywords: Lactation, Pregnancy, Breastfeeding, Lactational insufficiency, Lactational failure.

References

  1. Pang WW, Hartmann PE. Initiation of human lactation: secretory differentiation and secretory activation. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia. 2007; 12:211-221.
  2. Alison Stuebe. The Risks of not breastfeeding for mothers and infants. Rev Obstet Gynecol. 2009;2(4):222-231.
  3. Jackson KM, Nazar AM. Breastfeeding, the Immune Response, and Long-term Health. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2006;106:203–207.
  4. Goldman AS. The immune system of human milk: antimicrobial, antiinflam-matory and immunomodulating properties [review]. Pediatric Infect Dis J. 1993;12:664–672.
  5. Hanson LA. Breastfeeding provides passive and likely long-lasting active immunity [published correction appears in immunity. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1999;82:478] [review]. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1998;81:523–533.
  6. Hanson LA, Korotkova M, Haversen L, Mattsby-Baltzer I, Hahn-Zoric M, Silfverdal SA, et al. Breast-feeding, a complex support system for the offspring. Pediatr Int. 2002;44:347–352.
  7. Koletzko S, Sherman P, Corey M, Griffiths A, Smith C. Role of infant feeding practices in development of Crohn’s disease in childhood. BMJ. 1989;298:1617–1618.
  8. Koletzko S, Griffiths A, Corey M, Smith C, Sherman P. Infant feeding practices and ulcerative colitis in childhood. BMJ. 1991;302:1580–1581.
  9. Joshi JV, Bhandarkar SD, Chadha M, Balaiah D, Shah R. Menstrual irregularities and lactation failure may precede thyroid dysfunction or goitre. J Postgrad Med.1993 Jul-Sep;39(3):137-41.
  10. Banapurmath S, Banapurmath CR, Kesaree N. Initiation of Lactation and Establishing Relactation in Outpatients. Indian J Pediatr 2003; 40:343-347.
  11. Sultana A, Rahman KUR, Manjula S MS. Clinical update and treatment of lactation insufficiency. Medical Journal of Islamic World Academy of Sciences 2013;21(1):19-28.
  12. Valdez SR, Penissi A B, Deis RP, Jahn GA. Hormonal Profile and Reproductive Performance in Lactation Deficient (OFA hr/hr) and Normal (Sprague–Dawley) Female Rats. Reproduction 2007; 133:827–840.
  13. Mathur GP, Chitranshi S, Mathur S, Singh SB, Bhalla M. Lactation Failure. Indian J Pediatr 1992; 29(12):1541-4.
  14. Mathur NB, Dhingra D. Perceived Breast Milk Insufficiency in Mothers of Neonates Hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Indian J Pediatr 2009 Oct;76(10):1003-6.
  15. Robinson M.T. Failing lactation; study in 1100 cases. Lancet 1943: 66-68. 
  16. Huggins KE, Petok ES, Mireles O. Markers of Lactation Insufficiency: A Study of 34 Mothers. Clinical Lactation 2000: 25-35. URL:http://www.sonic.net/~mollyf/igt/ [Accessed on 23-2-18].
  17. Davies DP. Is inadequate breast-feeding an important cause of failure to thrive? 1979 Mar 10;1(8115):541-2.
  18. Toppare MF, Kitapci F, Senses DA, Kaya IS, Dilmen U, Laleli Y. Lactational failure--study of risk factors in Turkish mothers. Indian J Pediatr.1994 May-Jun;61(3):269-76.
  19. Sharma S, Ramji S, Kumari S, Bapna JS. Randomized Controlled Trial of Asparagus racemosus (Shatavari) as a Lactogogue in Lactational Inadequacy. Indian J Pediatr 1996; 33(8):675-7.
  20. Oberlin O, Wilkinson C. Evaluation of Relactation by the Supplemental Suckling Technique, January 2008.URL: http://fex.ennonline.net/32/evaluation.aspx [Accessed on 19-11-17].
  21. De NC, Pandit B, Mishra SK, Pappu K, Chaudhuri SN. Initiating the Process of Relactation: An Institute based Study. Indian J Pediatr 2002; 39:173-178.
  22. Kent JC, Prime D K, Garbin CP. Principles for Maintaining or Increasing Breast Milk Production JOGNN 2012; 41:114-121.
  23. Seema, Patwari A K, Satyanarayana L. Relactation: An Effective Intervention to Promote Exclusive Breast-feeding. Trop Pediatr 1997; 43 (4): 213-216.
  24. Osman H, El Zein L, Wick Livia. Cultural Beliefs that may Discourage Breast-feeding among Lebanese Women: A Qualitative Analysis. International Breastfeeding Journal 2009;4:12. doi:10.1186/1746-4358-4-12 URL; http://www.internationalbreastfeedingjournal.com/content/4/1/12. [Accessed o 29-11-17].
  25. Miller JE, Miller L, Sulesund A, Yeutushenko. Contribution of Chiropractic Therapy to Resolving Suboptimal Breast-feeding. A Case Series of 114 Infants. Journal of Manipulative and Physiologic Therapeutic 2009; 32(8): 670-4.

Corresponding Author

Dr Bijan Kumar Datta

60/129, H.P. Dutta Lane, Golf Green, Kolkata 700033

Ph: +91- 9674856277 (M), Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.