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Category: Volume 06 Issue 01 January 2018
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Title: Prevalence of Peripheral arterial disease in patients of acute coronary syndrome, and its correlation with various established risk factors for atherosclerosis

Authors: Santosh Kumar, Vivek Kumar Verma, Mahim Mittal, Chandrawati

 DOI:  https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i1.153

Abstract

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is considered as peripheral equivalent of coronary artery disease (CAD). Few studies from India have shown a low and variable prevalence of PAD in high risk population e.g. diabetes but data on patients with clinically manifest CAD is few.  This study was done to assess Prevalence of PAD in patients of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and its co-relation with various established risk factors for atherosclerosis.

Methods: Study was done on 120 patients admitted to our hospital with acute coronary syndrome. A detailed medical history and examination was done. High ankle-brachial index (ABI) was calculated with a hand held doppler. PAD was considered present if ABI was less than 0.9.

Results: Prevalence of PAD in patients of ACS was 8.33% (n=10) and was highest among patients over 50 years of age (mean age 57.98± 9.99). PAD were more in male (80%) as compared to female (20%) (NS=non significant). 50% had diabetics whereas 30.9% of the patients without PAD had diabetes mellitus (NS), 60% were smokers compared to 23.63% of the patients without PAD had smoker (S=significant), 30% were hypertension compared to  26.3 % of the patients without PAD had hypertension (NS). There were no significant differences in the lipid profile of the two groups.

Conclusion: The prevalence of PAD is low even in patients of CAD. Hence PAD screening may not be beneficial to predict cardiovascular events in high risk patients.

Keywords: Peripheral arterial disease, acute coronary syndrome, atherosclerosis, ankle-brachial index, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoker

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Corresponding Author

Dr Vivek Kumar Verma

Lecturer, Dept of Medicine, UPUMS, Saifai, Etawah (UP) – 206130 INDIA

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