Details
Category: Volume 06 Issue 01 January 2018
Hits: 1378

Title: Histopathological pattern of diseases in Otorhinolaryngology Department of a recently established tertiary care hospital

Authors: R.S.Gaur, Chhavi gupta, S.R. Agrawal, Swati Chandel, Naveen Verma, Rajni Prajapati

 DOI:  https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i1.111

Abstract

The histopathological diagnosis in various Otorhinolaryngological diseases range from benign- malignant- inflammatory. The benign and the inflammatory conditions are more common than malignant.

Aim

1) To describe pattern of histopathology in ENT & head and neck diseases according to age, gender & anatomical location.

2) To study the prevalence of inflammatory conditions in ENT and head & neck.

3) To study prevalence of benign & malignant lesions in both the gender & various age groups.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective research study conducted in Otorhinolaryngology department of a tertiary care centre over a period of 3 years from Jan 2014 to Jan 2017. It includes total of 122 patients, attending ENT OPD in whom any histopatological examination was done and data was analyzed on basis of histopathological diagnosis, age &sex.

Result: Out of total 122  patients over a period of 3 years. Maximum no. of patients were in the age group of 21-30 years (29.5%) with male: female ratio of 1.6:1. Most common lesion observed is sinonasal mass 28.6%, followed by neck 16.2% & thyroid 8%.  Most common non-neoplastic lesion in this region is rhinosporidiosis in 16.3% cases which was present in all age group but peak age of presentation was 2nd decade with male preponderance followed by inflammatory polyp seen in 10.6% cases present in 2nd and 5th decade, equally prevalent in males and females followed by tubercular lymphadenitis which was present in 4% cases, predominantly in females of 3rd & 4th decade.

Most common benign neoplastic lesion is epidermal cyst (13.1%) followed by mucocoele (7.3%), Colloid goiter (4%) and follicular adenoma (3.2%). Single case of inverted papilloma was reported in a female in 2nd decade. Malignancy was reported in 10.6% cases, squamous cell carcinoma was most common histopathological diagnosis 76.9% of all malignancy, peak age of presentation was 5th decade with male predominance. Single case of papillary carcinoma thyroid was reported in a 40 yr old male this is contradictory to benign lesions of thyroid which were reported in females only. Single case of poorly differentiated carcinoma of nose reported with nasal obstruction & discharge in a 63 yr old male. Non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma was reported in a 65 yr old male.

Conclusion: Histopathological diagnosis in ENT & Head and neck Department range from benign- malignant-inflammatory diseases. Our institution is a recently established centre, with steadily increasing outpatient statistics. The study was conducted in the initial years of the institute and this may be a limiting factor in establishing the true histopathological pattern in Otorhinolaryngology diseases. In our opinion this study needs further evaluation.

Keywords: Histopathological examination, neoplastic condition & inflammatory disease.

References

  1. Kishor H. Suryawanshi, Rajshri P. Damle , Dhiraj B. Nikumbh , N.V.Dravid, D.V. Newadkar et al. Cyto-Histopathological correlation of Head and Neck swellings in a rural hospital in north Maharashtra: our experience. Annals of pathology and laboratory medicine , Vol. 02, No. 04, October-December 2015.
  2. Zafar U, Khan N, Afroz N, et al. Clinicopathological study of non-neoplastic lesions of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2008;51:26-9.
  3. Bakari A, Afolabi OA, Adoga AA, et al. Clinico-pathological profile of sinonasal masses: an experience in national ear carecenter Kaduna, Nigeria. BMC Research Notes 2010;3:186)
  4. Hedman J, Kaprio J, Poussa T, et al. Prevalence of asthma, aspirin intolerance, nasal polyposis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a population-based study. Int J Epidemiol 1999;28:717-22.
  5. Morelli L, Polce M, Piscioli F, et al. Human nasal rhinosporidiosis: an Italian case report. Diagnostic Pathology 2006; 1:25.
  6. .Lathi, M.M.A.Syed, P.Kalakoti, D. Qutub, S.P. Kishve et al. clinicopatho-logical profile of sinonasal masses: a study from a tertiary care hospital in India. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2011;31:32:372-377.
  7. Pradhananga RB, Adhikari P, Thapa NM, et al. Overview of nasal masses. J Inst Med 2008;30:13-16.
  8. Zimmer LA, Carrau RL. Neoplasms of the nose and paranasal sinuses. In: Bailey BJ, Johnson JT, Newland SD, editors.Head & Neck Surgery - Otolaryngology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2006.
  9. Weymuller EA, Gal TJ. Neoplasms of the nasal cavity. In: Cummings CW, Flint PW, Harker LA , et al. editors. Otolaryngology - Head and Neck surgery. 4th ed. Mosby; 2005.
  10. Fasunla AJ, Lasisi AO. Sinonasal malignancies: a 10-year review in a tert.iary health institution. J Natl Med Assoc 2007;99:1407-1410.
  11. Ahluwalia H, Gupta SC, Singh M, Gupta SC, Mishra V, Singh PA. Spectrum of head and neck cancers at Allahabad.J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2001;53:16- 20.
  12. Mehrotra R, Singh M, Gupta RK, Singh M, Kapoor AK. Trends of prevalence and pathological spectrum of head and neck cancers in North India. Indian J Cancer. 2005;42:89-93.
  13. Ponder TB, Smith D, Ramzy I. Lymphadenopathy in children and adolescents: role of fine-needle aspiration in management. Cancer Detect Prev. 2000; 24:228–33.
  14. Muddegowda PH, Srinivasan S, Lingegowda JB, Ramkumar KR, Murthy KS. Spectrum of Cytology of Neck Lesions: Comparative Study from Two Centers. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2014; Vol-8(3): 44-45.
  15. Rathod GB, Parmar P. Fine needle aspiration cytology of swellings of head and neck region. Indian J Med Sci 2012;66:49-54.
  16. Bhagat VM, Tailor HJ, Saini PK, Dudhat RB, Makawana GR, Unjiya RM. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology In Nonthyroidal Head And Neck Masses-A Descriptive Study In Tertiary Care Hospital. National Journal Of Medical Research. 2013; volume 3(3):273- 76.

Corresponding Author

Dr Chhavi Gupta (M.S ENT)

D 40 A 1 Basant Vihar , Gwalior, 474002.

Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., 08827808444