Details
Category: Volume 06 Issue 01 January 2018
Hits: 1473

Title: A Cross Sectional Study on Cardiovascular Risk among Adults in Urban field Practice area of a tertiary care Hospital, Hyderabad

Authors: Md Abdul Wassey, SMV Kumari, R Shravani, R L Lakshman Rao

 DOI:  https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i1.33

Abstract

Introduction: India is experiencing an epidemiological transition from communicable diseases to non communicable with cardiovascular diseases as a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. India suffers the highest loss in potentially productive years of life, due to deaths from Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs). As a target for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) India aims to achieve a 25% relative reduction in the risk of premature mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs), cancer, diabetes or chronic renal disease. Risk profiling of the people provides relevant results that can be used for various preventive strategies.

Objectives: 1.To study the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among adults attending urban health and training centre of Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad. 2. To estimate the risk of cardiovascular event using WHO/ISH risk prediction charts among the study participants.

Methodology: A cross sectional study was carried for five months from July to November 2017. The sample size included 243 adult males and females from the urban field practice area of a tertiary care hospital. WHO/ISH risk prediction charts were used for estimating the risk of a major cardiovascular event.

Results: The prevalence of Hypertension, Diabetes and tobacco consumption was around 35%, 23% and 19% respectively. Males had a higher prevalence of tobacco and alcohol consumption (P<0.01). Almost equal proportion of males and females were found to be Overweight/Obese (BMI > 25 kg/m2) with overall prevalence of 56.38% among study participants. The estimated 10 year risk of cardiovascular event (myocardial infarction or stroke) was <10%, 10% to <20%, 20% to <30%, 30% to <40% and >40% in 67.9%, 16.5%, 9.4%, 4% and 2.2% of study subjects respectively.

Keywords: Cardiovascular risk assessment, Non Communicable Diseases, risk factor

References

  1. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India. National Health Policy 2017; 2017. Available from https://mohfw.gov.in/sites/default/files/9147562941489753121.pdf [ Accessed in November 2017]
  2. United Nations. Sustainable Development Goals; 2015. Available from https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdg3 [ Accessed in November 2017]
  3. World Health Organization. Health in 2015 from MDGs (Millennium Development Goals) to SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals). Available from http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/200009/1/9789241565110_eng.pdf?ua=1 [Accessed in November 2017].
  4. Indian Council of Medical Research, Public Health Foundation of India, and Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. India: Health of the Nation’s States – The India State-level Disease Burden Initiative. New Delhi, India: ICMR, PHFI, and IHME; 2017.
  5. National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau. Diet and Nutritional Status of Urban Population in India and prevalence of Obesity, Hypertension, Diabetes and Hyperlipidemia in Urban Men and Women; 2017. NNMB Technical Report No. 27. Available from http://ninindia.org/NNMB%20Urban%20Nutrition%20survey%20%20report-Final%2025-09-2017.pdf [Accessed in November 2017]
  6. Sharma M, Ganguly NK. Premature coronary artery disease in Indians and its associated risk factors. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2005;1:217–225.
  7. Otgontuya D, Oum S, Palam E, Rani M, Buckley BS: Individual-based primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in Cambodia and Mongolia: early identification and management of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. BMC Public Health 2012, 12:254.
  8. Capewell S, Beaglehole R, Seddon M, McMurray J: Explanation for the decline in coronary heart disease mortality rates in Auckland, New Zealand, between 1982 and 1993. Circulation 2000, 102(13):1511–1516.
  9. Ford ES, Ajani UA, Croft JB, Critchley JA, Labarthe DR, Kottke TE, et al: Explaining the decrease in UD deaths from coronary disease, 1980–200. N Engl J Med 2007, 356:2388–2398.
  10. Kelly MP, Capewell S: Relative contributions of changes in risk factors and treatment to the reduction in coronary heart disease mortality (Briefing Paper). London: NHS Health Development Agency (Briefing Paper); 2004.
  11. Palmieri L, Bennett K, Giampaoli S, Capewell S: Explaining the decline in coronary heart disease mortality in Italy between 1980 and 2000. Am J Public Health 2010, 100(4):684–692.
  12. Unal B, Critchley JA, Capewell S: Explaining the decline in coronary heart disease mortality in England and Wales between 1981 and 2000. Circulation 2004, 109(9):1101–1107.
  13. Vartiainen E, Laatikainen T, Peltonen M, Juolevi A, Mannisto S, Sundvall J, et al: Thirty-five-year trends in cardiovascular risk factors in Finland. Int J Epidemiol 2010, 39:504–518.
  14. World Health Organization. Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Pocket Guidelines for Assessment and Management of Cardiovascular Risk (WHO/ISH Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Charts for WHO epidemiological sub-regions EUR A, EUR B, EUR C); 2007. Available from: http://ish-world.com/downloads/activities/PocketGL_ENGLISH_EUR-A-B.pdf [ Accessed in November 2017 ]
  15. National Family Health Survey – 4. Mumbai: International Institute for Population Sciences; 2016. Available from: http://rchiips.org/NFHS/pdf/NFHS4/TG_FactSheet.pdf [Accessed in November 2017].
  16. Shah B, Mathur P. Surveillance of cardiovascular disease risk factors in India: The need and scope. Indian J Med Res 2010;132:634‑
  17. Sekhri T, Kanwar RS, Wilfred R, Chugh P, Chhillar M, Aggarwal R, et al. Prevalence of risk factors for coronary artery disease in an urban Indian population. BMJ Open 2014;4:e005346.
  18. Bandela PV, Dongre N, Ambekar JG, Durga Prasad K. Assessment of cardiovascluar risk of rural population in Kurnool district using WHO/ISH multivariable risk prediction algorithm. J Pharm Sci Res 2016;8:338‑42
  19. Savitharani BB, Madhu B, Renuka M, Ashok NC. Utilization of WHO‑ISH 10‑year CVD risk prediction chart as a screening tool among supporting staff of a tertiary care hospital, Mysuru, India. Heart India 2016;4:13‑6.

Corresponding Author

Dr R L Lakshman Rao

Professor & Head, Department of Community Medicine, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad

Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Phone: +919440146200