Details
Category: Volume 05 Issue 12 December 2017
Hits: 1144

Title: Speciation of Clinically Relevant Candida Isolates From a Tertiary Care Hospital

Authors: Dr Raji.T.K, Dr Sameera.P, Dr Remadevi. S

 DOI:  https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i12.141

Abstract

Background: Candida, a genus of yeast causes a diverse spectrum of opportunistic infections ranging from mild superficial cutaneous infections to life threatening invasive candidiasis. The emergence of Non Albicans Candida (NAC) species has complicated the overall incidence of candidiasis either as colonisers or as nosocomial fungal pathogen causing blood stream infections. So the early diagnosis and speciation of Candida is necessary.

Aim: To find out the proportion of different Candida species from clinically relevant specimens.

Setting of the study: The study was conducted in Department of Microbiology, Govt. Medical College, Kozhikode over a period of one year.

Materials and Methods: 117 relevant Candida isolates were speciated by conventional methods and CHROM AGAR

Results: The predominant species was C.tropicalis followed by C.albicans

Conclusion: Non albicans Candida is an emerging pathogen. The isolation rate of Non albicans candida was 60.7%. C.tropicalis was the predominant species followed by C,albicans, C.parapsilosis, and C.kefyr. The isolation of Candida from blood must be considered significant.

Keywords: Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Non albicans Candida.

References

  1. Edward JE. Candida species. In :Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R. editors. Mandell, Douglas and Bennetts Principles of practice of infectious 7th ed. Churchill Livingstone; 2010. p. 3225-40.
  2. Toply Segal E and Daniel E. Candidiasis. In: Merz WG and Hay R J. editors. Topley and Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial 10th ed. London:Edward Arnold ASM press, 2005.p.579- 613.
  3. Edward JE. Candidiasis. In: Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper LD et al. editors. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 18th ed. Mc Graw- Hill, 2012. Chapter 203, p.1254-56.
  4. Pappas PG, Kauffman CA, Andes D, Benjamin DK Jr, Calandra TF, Edwards JE Jr, Filler SG, Fisher JF, Kullberg BJ, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Reboli AC, Rex JH, Walsh TJ, Sobel JD, Infectious Diseases Society of America: Clinical practice guidelines for the management of candidiasis: 2009 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2009, 48:503-535.
  5. Jacqueline M. Achkar and Bettina C. Fries, Departments of Medicine and Microbiology and   Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,Bronx,New York;Clinical Microbiology reviews, Candida Infections of the  Genitourinary Tract; American Society for Microbiology. Apr. 2010, Vol.23, p. 253-273.
  6. Chakrabarti A, Shivaprakash MR. Microbiology of systemic fungal J Postgrad Med 2005;51:16-20
  7. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Rinaldi MG,Barnes R, Hu B, Veselov AV. Results from the ARTEMIS DISK Global antifungal surveillance study. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:5848-59.
  8. Rani R, Mohapatra NP, Mehta G, Randha wa. Changing trends of Candida species in neonatal septicaemia in a tertiary north Indian hospital. J Clin Microbiol 2002;20:42-4.
  9. Adhikary R, Joshi S. Species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candidemia at a multi superspeciality centre in South India. Indian J MedMicrobiol 2011;29:309-11.
  10. Dharwad S, Dominic SRM. Species identification of Candida isolates in various clinical specimens with their antifungal susceptibility patterns. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008;61 :798-804.
  11. Kothavade RJ, Kura MM, Valand AG, Panthaki MH. Candida tropicalis: its prevalence, pathogenicity and increasing resistance to Fluconazole. Med Microbiol. 2010;59:873-880
  12. Chakraborti A, Ghosh A, Batra R, Koushal A, Roy P et al. Antifungal susceptibility patterns of the the non-albicans Candida species which were isolated from candidemia cases over a 5 year period. Indian J Med Res 1996; 104: 171-6.
  13. Jha BK, Dey S, Tamang MD, Joshy ME, Shivananda PG et al. Characterisation of Candida species isolated from cases of lower respiratory tract infection. Kathmandu University Med. J 2006;4.290-94.
  1. Naz SA, Tariq .A study of the trend in prevalence of opportunistic candida coinfections among patients of pulmonary tuberculosis. Pak J Bot2004;36(4):857-62.
  2. Anil K Paswan, Dinesh C.Raju, D.K. Singh, Sandeep Khuba, R.K. Dubey, Department of anesthesia and Critical care, IMS, BHU, Varanasi. UP. India; isolation and distribution of Candida species among different clinical situations in critically ill patients: prospective study- International Journal of Biomedical Research, IJBR 3[04 2012; 120-126.
  3. Morrell, M., V. J. Fraser, and M. H. Kollef. 2005. Delaying the empiric treatment of Candida bloodstream infection until positive blood culture results are obtained: a potential risk factor for
  4. Garey, K. W., M. Rege, M. P. Pai, D. E. Mingo, K. J. Suda, R. S. Turpin, and D. T. Bearden. 2006. Time to initiation of fluconazole therapy impacts mortality in patients with candidemia: a multi-institutional study. Clin. Infect. Dis. 43:25-31
  5. Reed BD, Zazove CL, Pierson DW. Candida transmission and sexual behaviors as risks for a repeated episode of Candida vulvovaginitis. J Womens Health 2003; 12:979-89
  6. Emam SM, Abo Elazm AA, Morad AWA Exoenzymes Production and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida Species Isolated from Pregnant Women with Vulvovaginitis. J. Amer. Sci. 2012;8(12).

Corresponding Author

Dr Sameera.P

Assistant Surgeon, Govt. Taluk Hospital Kuttippuram. Kerala