Title: Candida rugosa Candidaemia in a Critically Ill Trauma Patient Successfully Treated with Amphotericin B

Authors: Santwana Verma, Archana Angrup, Vineeta Sharma, M. R. Shivaprakash, Sunita Gupta

 DOI:  https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i10.77

Abstract

Candidemia is a common life threatening condition occurring in the hospitalized patients specially those admitted to the intensive care units. Candida rugosa is an uncommon species and a significant cause of candidemia acquired in intensive care unit. It is associated with trauma, total parenteral nutrition and central venous catheterization. The geographical distribution is limited and antifungal susceptibility of isolates demonstrate great variability. We report the case of a patient with trivial trauma following a fall while playing cricket who became critically ill with multi-organ involvement following Candida rugosa candidaemia. He was instituted amphotericin B intravenously in a dose of 1 mg/kg and showed favourable response in a week with recovery after 27 days of therapy.

Keywords: amphotericin B, Candida rugosa, candidaemia, central venous catheter, nosocomial.

References

  1. A. Pfaller, D.J. Diekema, A.L. Colombo, C. Kibber, K.P.Ng, D.L. Gibbs, “Candida rugosa, an emerging fungal pathogen with resistance to azoles: Geographic and temporal trends from the ARTEMIS DISK AntifungalSurveillance Program,” J Clin Microbiol., vol. 44(10),pp. 3578-3582, 2006
  2. Chakrabarti, P.Sood, S.M. Rudramurthy, S. Chen, H. Kaur, M. Capoor, “Incidence, characteristics and outcome of ICU-acquired candidemia in India,” Intensive Care Medicine, vol. 41(2), pp. 285-295, 2015.
  3. Behera, R.I. Singh, I. Xess, P. Mathur, F.Hasan, M. C. Misra, “Candida rugosa: a possible emerging cause of candidaemia in trauma patients,” Infection, vol. 38(5), pp.387-393, 2010.
  4. F. Reinhardt, P. J. Ruane, L. J. Walker, W. L. George, “Intravenous catheter-associated fungemia due to Candida rugosa,” J Clin Microbiol., vol. 22(6), pp. 1056-1057, 1985.
  5. I. Singh, I. Xess, P. Mathur, B. Behera, B. Gupta, M. C. Misra, “Epidemiology of candidaemia in critically ill trauma patients; experience of a level I trauma centre in North India,” J Medical Microbiol., vol. 60, pp. 342-348, 2011.
  6. Colombo, A. S. Melo, R. F. Crespo Rosas, R. Salomao, M. Briones, R. J. Hollis, “Outbreak of Candida rugosa candidaemia: an emerging pathogen that may be refactory to amphotericin B therapy,” Diagn Micro-biol Infect Dis., vol. 46(4), pp. 253-257, 2003.
  7. P. Dube, P. N. Heseltine, M. G. Rinaldi, S. Evans, B. Zawacki, “Fungemia and colonization with nystatin – resistant Candida rugosa in a burn unit,” Clin Infect Dis., vol. 18, pp. 77-82, 1994.
  8. S. Dutta, A. Sharma, N. K. Hazarika, P. Barua, “Candida rugosa – An emerging cause of nosocomial candidaemia,” Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development, vol. 4(3), pp.  49-52, 2013.
  9. R. Minces, K. S. Ho, P. J. Veldkamp, C. J. Clancy, “Candida rugosa: a distinctive emerging cause of candidaemia. A case report and review of the literature,” Scand J Infect Dis., vol. 41, pp. 892-897, 2009.
  10. Shenoy, M. Samuga M, S. Urs, K.M. Anuradha, M. M. Kurian, A. Augustine, “Intravenous catheter- related Candida rugosa fungaemia,” Trop Doct. vol. 26(1), 31, 1996.
  11. Hernandez, G. M. Gonzalez, D. I. Mc Carthy, A. L. Colombo, L. K. Najvar, R.  Bocanegera, J. R. Garybill, “Alternatives to amphotericin B for Candida rugosa infec-tion,” J of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,  vol. 54, pp. 477-480, 2004.   

Corresponding Author

Santwana Verma

Dept. of Microbiology, I.G.M.C, Shimla