Details
Category: Volume 05 Issue 07 July 2017
Hits: 1127

Title: Co-Relation between Vitamin D Levels and Hamilton Depression Scores in Patients with Depression

Authors: Karrar Husain, Gaurav Sharma, Abid Rizvi

 DOI:  https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i7.200

Abstract

Mood disorders have been described as one of the most common illnesses of humankind for last 2500 years. The vitamin D receptors are present on various areas of the human brain. There are various biological mechanisms that may explain the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the risk of depression. The vitamin D receptors are present on various areas of the human brain (ie. prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, cingulated gyrus, thalamus, hypothalamus, and substantia nigra), that are important in pathophysiology of depression. 50 cases of major depression were randomly selected from psychiatry OPD and an equal number of controls with matched age, sex, religion and socioeconomic background were also recruited for the study. Hamilton Depression rating was done and their Vitamin D level was checked. It was found that Severity of depression has indirect relationship with vitamin D levels in depressed patients.

Keywords: Depression, Hamilton, Vitamin D.

References

  1. Nandi DN, Banerjee G, Boral GC, Ganguli H, Ajmany S, Ghosh A, Sarkar Socio-economic status and prevalence of mental disorders in certain rural communities in India. Acta Psych Scand. 1979; 59:276-93
  2. Reddy MV, Chandrashekhar CR. Prevalence of mental and behavioural disorders in India: A metaanalysis. Indian J Psychiatry. 1998; 40:149-57
  3. Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, Jin R, Koretz D, Wang PS. National Comorbidity Survey Replication: The epidemiology of major depressive disorder: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). JAMA. 2003; 289:3095–3105
  4. World Health Organization 2008, The Global Burden of Disease 2004 update. http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/GBD_ report_2004update_full.pdf
  5. Üstün TB, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Chatterji s, Mathers C, Murray CJL. Global burden of depressive disorders in the year 2000. British Journal of Psychiatry. 2004; 184:386-92
  6. World Health Organization. World Health Report 2001. Mental health: New Understanding, New Hope. Geneva, World Health Organization 2001
  7. Cranney C, Horsely T, O'Donnell S, Weiler H, Ooi D, Atkinson S, et al. Effectiveness and safety of vitamin D. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment No. 158 (Prepared by the University of Ottawa Evidence-based Practice Center (UO-EPC) under Contract No. 290-02.0021). AHRQ Publication No. 07-E013. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2007
  8. Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. National English Journal of Medicine. 2007; 357(3):266-281
  9. Bertone-Johnson E. Vitamin D and the Occurrence of Ddepression: Causal Association or Circumstantial Evidence? Nutrition Reviews 2009 08;67(8):481-492
  10. Annweiler C, Schott AM, Allali G, Bridenbaugh SA, Kressig RW, Allain P, et al. Association of Vitamin D Deficiency with Cognitive Impairment in Older Women: Cross-sectional Study. Neurology 2010;74(1):27-32
  11. Cherniack EP, Troen B, Florez HJ, Roos BA, Levis S. Some New Food for Thought: The Role of Vitamin D in the Mental Health of Older Adults. Current Psychiatry Reports. 2009;11(1):12-19
  12. Ganji V, Milone C, Cody MM, McCarty F, Wang YT. Serum vitamin D concentrations are related to depression in young adult US population: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Int Arch Med. 2010; 3: 29
  13. Hoogendijk WJG, Lips P, Dik MG, Deeg DJH, Beekman ATF, PenninxBWJH.Depression is Associated with Decreased 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Increased Parathyroid Hormone Levels in Older Adults. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2008 May 1;65(5):508-512
  14. Zhao G, Ford ES, Li C, Balluz LS. No Associations between Serum Concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone and Depression among US Adults. The British Journal of Nutrition. 2010 Jul 20:1-7
  15. Dean AJ, BellgroveMA, Hall T, PhanWM, Eyles DW, KvaskoffD,McGrath JJ. Effects of vitamin D supplementation on cognitive and emotional functioning in young adultsVarandomised controlled trial. PLoS One. 2011;6: e25966
  16. Hamilton M: A rating scale for depression. J NeurolNeurosurg Psychiatry. 1960; 23:56–62
  17. Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Gordon CM, Hanley DA, Heaney RP, et al. Endocrine Society. Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J ClinEndocrinolMetab. 2011;96 (7):1911–30
  18. Joshi K , Bhatia V, Vitamin D deficiency in a tropical country--treatment and prevention in children. Indian J Pediatr. 2014 Jan;81(1):84-9
  19. Gupta A. Vitamin D deficiency in India: prevalence, causalities and interventions. Nutrients. 2014:6(2): 729-75
  20. Wilkins CH, Sheline YI, Roe CM, Birge SJ, Morris JC. Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated With Low Mood and Worse Cognitive Performance in Older Adults. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 2006;14(12):1032-1040
  21. Lee DM, Tajar A, O'Neill TW, O'Connor DB, Bartfai G, Boonen S, et al. Lower Vitamin D Levels are Associated with Depression among Community-Dwelling Men. Journal of Psychopharmacology. 2010;0(0):1-9
  22. Milaneschi Y, Shardell M, Corsi AM, Vazzana R, Bandinelli S, Guralnik JM. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Depressive Symptoms in Older Women and Men. Endocrinology. 2010;151(6): 2958
  23. Stewart R, Hirani V. Relationship Between Vitamin D Levels and Depressive Symptoms in Older Residents From a National Survey Population. Psychoso-matic Medicine. 2010 September 1;72(7): 608-612.

Corresponding Author

Dr Gaurav Sharma

Senior Resident, Dept of Physiology, J.N. Medical College, A.M.U, Aligarh-202002

Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Tel No. 7417574751