Title: A Study on Effect of Omega 3 Fatty Acids in Hypertriglyceridemia
Authors: Priya Bharati, Pritam Singh Sandhu, Hardip Singh, Gian Chand, Hitesh Bhatia, Amandeep Singh
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i3.34
Abstract
Introduction: Hyperlipidaemia is a major modifiable risk factor in primary and secondary prevention of coronary artery disease. Studies have shown that serum triglycerides were an independent risk factor for CAD events, irrespective of serum levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) or low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Many epidemiological and interventional studies suggest that omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids confer a protective role against atherosclerotic disease and having a greater impact in reducing serum triglyceride levels.
Aims: The aim of our study was to see the effect of omega 3 fatty acids on serum triglycerides in patients of hypertriglyceridemia. Effect on various variables of lipid profile was observed simultaneously.
Material And Methods: A total of 100 patients (46 males and 54 females) of hypertriglyceridemia (>150 mg/dl) were included. They received capsules of eicosapentaenoic acid with docosahexaenoic acid in a dosage of 3g/day for 8 weeks. To see the efficacy of the drug, lipid profile was measured at 0 week, after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of the treatment. The data from our present study was systematically collected, compiled and statistically analysed using software IBM SPSS 22.0 to draw relevant conclusions.
Study Design: The study done was a non-randomised, prospective therapeutic study. It consisted of a treatment period of 8 weeks for all the patients, after their written/informed consent and approval from the Institutional thesis ethical committee.
Results: Serum Triglycerides reduction (237.71±45.77 vs. 188.44±40.67mg/dl; p<0.001) and VLDL reduction (47.54±9.15 vs. 37.69±8.13 mg/dl; p<0.001), was highly significant after 8 weeks of treatment. HDL-cholesterol levels increased highly significantly (37.40±3.96 vs. 39.14±3.40 mg/dl; p<0.001).Total cholesterol also decreased highly significantly (221.71±25.22 vs. 213.97±22.31 mg/dl; p<0.001) but no significant change was found in serum LDL (p>0.05). The percentage reduction was highest in serum triglycerides and VLDL levels by 20.95% followed by a percentage rise of 4.90% in serum HDL levels.
Conclusion: Omega 3 fatty acids intervention have a positive role in improving lipid profile but with a greatest impact in reducing serum triglycerides which is an independent risk factor of CAD.
Keywords: Omega 3 fatty acids, Serum Triglycerides, Atherosclerosis, Serum VLDL, Serum HDL-C.
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